tìm các giá trị nguyên x để \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) nhận giá trị là số tự nhiên
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\(A=\left(\dfrac{x+2}{x\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{2}\left(đk:x\ge0,x\ne1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2.2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)
Để A nguyên thì: \(x+\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)
Mà \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=\left(x+\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{x}+1\in\left\{1;2\right\}\)
+ Với \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\left(do.\sqrt{x}+1\ge1>0\right)\)
+ Với \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}\\\sqrt{x}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}\left(VLý\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{1;\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right\}\)
a: \(P=\left(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
b: Để P nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}+1⋮\sqrt{x}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-1;1;2\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)
Lời giải:
$M(2\sqrt{x}-3)=\sqrt{x}+2$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}(2M-1)=3M-2$
$\Leftrightarrow x=(\frac{3M-2}{2M-1})^2$
Vì $x$ nguyên nên $\frac{3M-2}{2M-1}$ nguyên
$\Rightarrow 3M-2\vdots 2M-1$
$\Leftrightarrow 6M-4\vdots 2M-1$
$\Leftrightarrow 3(2M-1)-1\vdots 2M-1$
$\Leftrightarrow 1\vdots 2M-1$
$\Rightarrow 2M-1\in\left\{\pm 1\right\}$
$\Rightarrow M=0;1$
$\Leftrightarrow x=4; 1$ (đều tm)
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2-x}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+2-x\right)}=2\)
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2-x}\ge\sqrt{x+2-x}=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{2}\le P\le\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}}\Rightarrow1\le P\le\sqrt{2}\)
Mà \(P\in Z\Rightarrow P=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2-x}=2\Rightarrow x=1\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3-7}{\sqrt{x}+3}=1-\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\))
Để \(A\in Z\) thì \(\sqrt{x}+3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=16\) (TMĐK)
Vậy \(x=16\) thì \(A\in Z\)
\(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Để A nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}+3\) phải là ước của 7 .
\(\sqrt{x}+3=1;-1;7;-7\)
\(\Rightarrow16\)
ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0\)
Để \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) nhận giá trị nguyên thì \(2\sqrt{x}⋮\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-6⋮\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6⋮\sqrt{x}+3hay\sqrt{x}+3\inƯ_{\left(-6\right)}\)
Vì \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\ge3\)
TH1.\(\sqrt{x}+3=3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tmĐKXĐ\right)\)
TH2.\(\sqrt{x}+3=6\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=3\Leftrightarrow x=9\left(tmĐKXĐ\right)\)
Vậy,x={0;9}