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NV
27 tháng 7 2021

a.

\(3\sqrt[3]{3\left(x+1\right)+2}=\left(x+1\right)^3-2\)

Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{3\left(x+1\right)+2}=y\) ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3y=\left(x+1\right)^3-2\\3\left(x+1\right)+2=y^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3y+2=\left(x+1\right)^3\\3\left(x+1\right)+2=y^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3-y^3=3y-3\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-y\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+y\left(x+1\right)+y^2+3\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=y^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=3\left(x+1\right)+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)^2=0\)

NV
27 tháng 7 2021

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow8x^3-\left(6x+1\right)+2x-\sqrt[3]{6x+1}=0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=a\\\sqrt[3]{6x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(a^3-b^3+a-b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\sqrt[3]{6x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x^3-6x-1=0\)

Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=8x^3-6x-1\)

\(f\left(x\right)\) là hàm đa thức nên liên tục trên R, đồng thời \(f\left(x\right)\) bậc 3 nên có tối đa 3 nghiệm

\(f\left(-1\right)=-3< 0\) ; \(f\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=1>0\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right).f\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)< 0\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\) có 1 nghiệm thuộc \(\left(-1;-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\) (1)

\(f\left(0\right)=-1\Rightarrow f\left(0\right).f\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\) có 1 nghiệm thuộc \(\left(-\dfrac{1}{2};0\right)\) (2)

\(f\left(1\right)=1\Rightarrow f\left(0\right).f\left(1\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\) có 1 nghiệm thuộc \(\left(0;1\right)\) (3)

Từ (1);(2);(3) \(\Rightarrow\) cả 3 nghiệm của \(f\left(x\right)\) đều thuộc \(\left(-1;1\right)\)

Do đó, ta chỉ cần tìm nghiệm của \(f\left(x\right)\) với \(x\in\left(-1;1\right)\)

Do \(x\in\left(-1;1\right)\), đặt \(x=cosu\)

\(\Rightarrow8cos^3u-6cosu-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(4cos^3u-3cosu\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cos3u=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos3u=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3u=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\3u=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\dfrac{\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\\u=-\dfrac{\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy nghiệm của pt là: \(x=cosu=\left\{cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{9}\right);cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{9}\right);cos\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{9}\right)\right\}\)

 

NV
22 tháng 7 2021

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x+1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{4x^2+2x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(2a^2-b^2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\left(2a+\sqrt{3}b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2=b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)=4x^2+2x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

NV
22 tháng 7 2021

b.

\(x^2-3x+1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^2-b^2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}ab=0\)

Lặp lại cách làm câu a

NV
22 tháng 7 2021

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{5}{3}\)

\(9x^2-3x-\left(3x+5\right)-\sqrt{3x+5}=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{3x+5}=t\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow9x^2-3x-t^2-t=0\)

\(\Delta=9+36\left(t^2+t\right)=\left(6t+3\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+6t+3}{18}=\dfrac{t+1}{3}\\x=\dfrac{3-6t-3}{18}=-\dfrac{t}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3x-1\\t=-3x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x+5}=3x-1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\\\sqrt{3x+5}=-3x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+5=9x^2-6x+1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\\3x+5=9x^2\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

NV
22 tháng 7 2021

c.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-5\)

\(x^2-3x+2-x-5-\sqrt{x+5}=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=t\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow-t^2-t+x^2-3x+2=0\)

\(\Delta=1+4\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=\left(2x-3\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{1+2x-3}{-2}=1-x\\t=\dfrac{1-2x+3}{-2}=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+5}=1-x\left(x\le1\right)\\\sqrt{x+5}=x-2\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=x^2-2x+1\left(x\le1\right)\\x+5=x^2-4x+4\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

28 tháng 5 2017

câu a:

\(8x^2-6x+3-2x=\left(2x-1\right)\sqrt{8x^2-6x+3}\)

đặt \(t=\sqrt{8x^2-6x+3}\Leftrightarrow t^2=8x^2-6x+3\)phương trình trở thành

\(t^2-2x=\left(2x-1\right)t\Leftrightarrow t^2-\left(2x-1\right)t-2x=0\)

có \(\Delta=\left(2x-1\right)^2+8x=\left(2x+1\right)^2\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=-1\\t=2x\end{cases}}\)

  1. \(t=-1\Rightarrow8x^2-6x+3=1\Leftrightarrow8x^2-6x+2=0VN\)
  2. \(t=2x\Rightarrow8x^2-6x+3=4x^2\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x+3=0VN\)
28 tháng 5 2017

Câu b:

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x^2+1}\Leftrightarrow t^2=x^2+1\left(t>0\right)\)

PT\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-\left(x+3\right)t+3x=0\)

có :\(\Delta=\left(x+3\right)^2-4.3x=\left(x-3\right)^2\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=3\\t=x\end{cases}}\)

  1. \(t=3\Rightarrow9=x^2+1\Leftrightarrow x^2=8\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\sqrt{2}\\x=-2\sqrt{2}\end{cases}}\)
  2. \(t=x\Leftrightarrow x^2=x^2+1VN\)
NV
23 tháng 10 2019

a/ ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-5x-6\right)+\sqrt{x^2-5x-6}-3=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-5x-6}=a\ge0\)

\(2a^2+a-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-5x-6}=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x-7=0\)

b/ ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow5\sqrt{3x^2-4x-2}-2\left(3x^2-4x-2\right)+3=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{3x^2-4x-2}=a\ge0\)

\(-2a^2+5a+3=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{1}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x^2-4x-2}=3\Leftrightarrow3x^2-4x-11=0\)

c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-6+\sqrt{2x^2+4x+3}=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x^2+4x+3}=a>0\Rightarrow x^2+2x=\frac{a^2-3}{2}\)

\(\frac{a^2-3}{2}-6+a=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-15=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+4x+3}=3\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x-6=0\)

NV
23 tháng 10 2019

d/ ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{3x-1}{x}}=a>0\)

\(2a=\frac{1}{a^2}+1\Leftrightarrow2a^3-a^2-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(2a^2+a+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{3x-1}{x}}=1\Leftrightarrow3x-1=x\)

e/ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\frac{6x-1}{x}}=\frac{x}{6x-1}+1\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{6x-1}{x}}=a>0\)

\(2a=\frac{1}{a^2}+1\Leftrightarrow2a^3-a^2-1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(2a^2+a+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{6x-1}{x}}=1\Rightarrow6x-1=x\)

f/ ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{2x-1}}=a>0\)

\(\frac{1}{a}+1+a=3a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3-a^2-a-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(3a^2+2a+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{x}{2x-1}}=1\Rightarrow x=2x-1\)

3 tháng 2 2019

đa phần mình sử dụng phương pháp liên hợp nha bạn

\(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\dfrac{a-b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)

b. điều kiện \(\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le\dfrac{3}{8}\), pt:

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3-8x}-\sqrt{4x-1}=6x-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3-8x-4x+1}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=2\left(3x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-4\left(3x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=2\left(3x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(3x-1\right)+\dfrac{4\left(3x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(3x-1\right)\left(1+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(n\right)\\1+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3-8x}+\sqrt{4x-1}}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d. điều kiện: \(x\le-4\cup x\ge0\), pt:

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}=\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}-\sqrt{x^2+4x}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-x^2+3x-3}{1+\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=\dfrac{2x^2+x+2-x^2-4x}{\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{1+\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(n\right)\\x=1\left(n\right)\\\dfrac{-1}{1+\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x}}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

e. điều kiện:x thuộc R

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+15}-4=3x-3+\sqrt{x^2+8}-3\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+15-16}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}=3\left(x-1\right)+\dfrac{x^2+8-9}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}-3\left(x-1\right)-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+15}+4}-3-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+8}+3}=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

(1) mình không biết có vô nghiệm không nữa và cũng thua luôn

f. điều kiện: \(x\ge-2\)

bài này giải cách hơi khác một chút

đặt \(a=\sqrt{x+5}\left(\ge0\right)\\ b=\sqrt{x+2}\left(\ge0\right)\)

pt:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+5}-\sqrt{x+2}\right)\left[\left(1+\sqrt{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right)\right]\\ \Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)=3\left(1\right)\)

\(a^2-b^2=x+5-x-2=3\\ \Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=3\left(2\right)\)

=> (1) = (2)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab-a-b\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\)

TH1: a=b \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=\sqrt{x+2}\Leftrightarrow x+5=x+2\left(vn\right)\)

TH2: a=1\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-4\left(l\right)\)

TH3: b=1\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(n\right)\)

g. điều kiện: \(x\le-\sqrt{2}\cup x\ge\dfrac{7+\sqrt{37}}{2}\)

pt:

\(\dfrac{3x^2-7x+3-3x^2+5x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}}=\dfrac{x^2-2-x^2+3x-4}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+\sqrt{x^2-2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}}=\dfrac{3\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+\sqrt{x^2-2}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\left(n\right)\\\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+\sqrt{x^2-2}}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)h. điều kiện \(x\le-2-\sqrt{7}\cup x\ge-2+\sqrt{7}\)

\(\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}-\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}=\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}-\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+x-1-x^2-4x+3}{\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}}=\dfrac{2x^2+4x-3-3x^2-x+1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}+\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-3x+2}{\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}}=\dfrac{-\left(x^2-3x+2\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}+\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(n\right),x=2\left(n\right)\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+x-1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x-3}}=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x-3}+\sqrt{3x^2+x-1}}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

(nhớ tích cho mình nha, mấy bài kia mình ko biết làm huhu)

10 tháng 2 2019

thank bn