Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) 8x^3 - 125
b) 1 - 27x^3y^6
c) 27x^3 + y^3/64
d) 27x^3 + 125y^3
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a: \(64x^3-27y^3=\left(4x-3y\right)\left(16x^2+12xy+9y^2\right)\)
c: \(125-\left(x+1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(5-x-1\right)\left(25+5x+5+x^2+2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(4-x\right)\left(x^2+7x+31\right)\)
a) \(64x^3-27y^3=\left(4x\right)^3-\left(3y\right)^3=\left(4x-3y\right)\left(16x^2+12xy+9y^2\right)\)
\(b)\) \(27x^3+\dfrac{y^3}{8}=\left(3x\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(3x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)\left(9x^2-\dfrac{3}{2}xy+\dfrac{1}{4}y^2\right)\)
\(c)\) \(125-\left(x+1\right)^3=5^3-\left(x+1\right)^3=\left(5-x-1\right)\left(25+5\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\right)\)
\(=\left(4-x\right)\left(x^2+7x+31\right)\)
a.\(x^3-8=x^3-2^3=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)
b.\(27x^3+125y^3=\left(3x\right)^3+\left(5y\right)^3=\left(3x+5y\right)\left(9x^2-15xy+25y^2\right)\)
c.\(\left(2x-1\right)^3+8=\left(2x-1\right)^3+2^3=\left(2x+1\right)\left[\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(2x-1\right)+4\right]\)
d.\(x^6+6^3=\left(x^2+6\right)\left(x^4-6x+36\right)\)
e.\(1-27x^3=1-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(1-3x\right)\left(1+3x+9x^2\right)\)
j.\(\left(x-3\right)^3-27=\left(x-3\right)^3-3^3=\left(x-6\right)\left[\left(x-3\right)^2+3\left(x-3\right)+9\right]\)
g.\(x^3y^3+125=\left(xy\right)^3+5^3=\left(xy+5\right)\left(x^2y^2-5xy+25\right)\)
t.\(8x^3-\frac{1}{8}=\left(2x\right)^3-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3=\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(4x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
u.\(x^3+\frac{1}{27}=x^3+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^3=\left(x+\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(x^2-\frac{x}{3}+\frac{1}{9}\right)\)
a/ 2x^2 (x – 1) + 4x (1 – x)
= 2x^2(x – 1) – 4x (x – 1)
= (x – 1)( 2x^2 – 4x)
=2x(x – 1)(x – 2)
Bài làm:
a, 1-4x2
=1-(2x)2
=(1-2x).(1+2x)
b, 8-27x3
=23-(3x)3
=(2-3x).(4+6x+9x2)
Các câu còn lại bạn dùng hằng đẳng thức là phân tích được ra thôi
1 - 4x^2
= 1^2 - ( 2x )^2
= ( 1 - 2x ) ( 1 + 2x )
8 - 27x^ 3
= 2^3 - ( 3x )^3
= ( 2 - 3x ) [ 2^2 + 2 * 3x + ( 3x )^2 ]
= ( 2 - 3x ) ( 4 + 6x + 9x^2 )
= ( 2 - 3x ) ( 9x^2 + 6x + 4 )
27 + 27x + 9x^2 + x^3
= x^3 + 9x^2 + 27x + 27
= x^3 + 3x^2 + 6x^2 + 18x + 9x + 27
= x^2 ( x + 3 ) + 6x ( x + 3 ) + 9 ( x + 3 )
= ( x + 3 ) ( x^2 + 6x + 9 )
= ( x + 3 ) ( x + 3 )^2
= ( x + 3 )^3
x^2 + 4x - 5
= x^2 - x + 5x - 5
= x ( x - 1 ) + 5 ( x - 1 )
= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 5 )
a) \(27x^3+27x^2+9x+1=\left(3x+1\right)^3\)
b) \(-x^3-3x^2-3x-1=-\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)=-\left(x+1\right)^3\)
c) \(-8+12x-6x^2+x^3=\left(x-2\right)^3\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2-25\)
\(=x^2-2x+1-25\)
\(=x^2-2x-24\)
\(=x^2-6x+4x-24\)
\(=x.\left(x-6\right)+4.\left(x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+4\right).\left(x-6\right)\)
a, \(1-2y+y^2=\left(y+1\right)^2=\left(y+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
b, \(\left(x+1\right)^2-25=\left(x+1\right)^2-5^2=\left(x+1-5\right)\left(x+1+5\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
c, \(1-4x^2=1^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
d, \(8-27x^3=2^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
a) \(27x^3-8=\left(3x-2\right)\left(9x^2+6x+4\right)\)
b) \(8x^3+12x^2+6x+1=\left(2x+1\right)^3\)
c) \(\left(2y-1\right)^1-4x^2+4x-1=\left(2y-1\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2=\left(2y-1-2x+1\right)\left(2y-1+2x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2y-2x\right)\left(2y+2x-2\right)=4\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x-1\right)\)
a) 8x3 - 125=(2x)3-53=(2x-5)(2x+5)
b) 1 - 27x3y6=1-33x3(y2)3=1-(3xy2)3=(1-3xy2)(1-3xy2+9x2y4)
c)27x3 + y3/64=(3x)3 + y3/43=(3x)3 + (y/4)3=(3x+y/4)(9x2-3xy/4+y2/16)
d) 27x3 + 125y3 = (3x)3+(5y)3=(3x+5y)(9x2-15xy+25y2)