cho hai số dương a,b thỏa mãn a+b=2.chứng minh rằng:
a \(a^2+b^2\) lớn hơn bằng 2
b \(a^4+b^4\) lớn hơn bằng 2
c \(a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\) bé hơn bằng 2
d \(8\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\dfrac{1}{ab}\) lớn hơn bằng 17
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24 tháng 9 2020
1) \(VT=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\frac{2b}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+4b}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)\(=\frac{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b-a+2\sqrt{ab}-b+4b}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{ab}+4b}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=VP\)(ĐPCM)
2) \(VT=\text{[}\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}-\sqrt{ab}\text{]}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\)\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=1=VP\)(ĐPCM)
4) \(VT=\left(1+\frac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\frac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)\(=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)=1-a=VP\)(ĐPCM)
11 tháng 9 2021
\(2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}\right)\ge1+\dfrac{b}{b+1a}+\dfrac{c}{c+2b}+\dfrac{a}{a+2c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}+\dfrac{a}{b+2a}+\dfrac{b}{c+2b}+\dfrac{c}{a+2c}\right)\ge1+\dfrac{b+2a}{b+2a}+\dfrac{c+2b}{c+2b}+\dfrac{a+2c}{a+2c}=1+1+1+1=4\)Thật vậy:
\(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{a}{b+2a}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{b}{c+2b}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}+\dfrac{c}{a+2c}=a\left(\dfrac{1}{b+2c}+\dfrac{1}{b+2a}\right)+b\left(\dfrac{1}{c+2a}+\dfrac{1}{c+2b}\right)+c\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2b}+\dfrac{1}{a+2c}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4a}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{4b}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{4c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2.2=4\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
6 tháng 1 2022
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+2b\right)\left(b+2c\right)}+\dfrac{a+2b}{27}+\dfrac{b+2c}{27}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(a+2b\right)\left(b+2c\right)}{27^2.\left(a+2b\right)\left(b+2c\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{3}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(c+2a\right)}+\dfrac{b+2c}{27}+\dfrac{c+2a}{27}\ge\dfrac{b}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+2a\right)\left(a+2b\right)}+\dfrac{c+2a}{27}+\dfrac{a+2b}{27}\ge\dfrac{c}{3}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{9}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
30 tháng 6 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+b^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+2}{a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1}=1-\dfrac{a^2b^2-1}{a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{a^2b^2-1}{a^2b^2+2ab+1}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{\left(ab-1\right)\left(ab+1\right)}{\left(ab+1\right)^2}=1-\dfrac{ab-1}{ab+1}=\dfrac{2}{ab+1}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
AT
30 tháng 6 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{1+ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2}-\dfrac{1}{1+ab}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{1+b^2}-\dfrac{1}{1+ab}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab-a^2}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\dfrac{ab-b^2}{\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b-a\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\dfrac{b\left(a-b\right)}{\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b-a\right)\left(1+b^2\right)+b\left(a-b\right)\left(1+a^2\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a+ab^2\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a^2b\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(-\left(b-a\right)+ab\left(b-a\right)\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)^2\left(ab-1\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\) (luôn đúng vì \(ab\ge1\))
MH
30 tháng 3 2022
a) Áp dụng BĐT Svácxơ, ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
a.
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{3}.2^2=2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
b.
\(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.2^2=2\) (sử dụng kết quả \(a^2+b^2\ge2\) của câu a)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
c.
\(a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}ab.2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(a+b\right)^2\left(2ab+a^2+b^2\right)^2=2\)
d.
\(8\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge8.2+\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=16+\dfrac{4}{2^2}=17\) (sử dụng kết quả câu b)