Cho a,b,c>0 TM `2a^2+b^2+c^2=4`
Tìm `min_T=(b+1)/((a+c)^2+4abc)+(c+1)/((a+b)^2+4abc)`
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Dự đoán khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\) khi đó \(P=\frac{19}{27}\) (gọi P=biểu thức đầu bài)
Ta đi chứng minh nó là GTNN của P
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4abc\ge\frac{19}{27}\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
Khai triển và rút gọn, ta được BĐT tương đương là:
\(8\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+24\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)-30\left(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\right)-6abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge54\left(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2+abc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab^2+bc^2+ca^2+abc\le\frac{4}{27}\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
BĐT trên đúng. Nên \(P_{Min}=\frac{19}{27}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{c}\ge\dfrac{ab}{2}+\dfrac{bc}{2}+\dfrac{ca}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-\dfrac{a^2}{2}+b^2-\dfrac{b^2}{2}+c^2-\dfrac{c^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{ab}{2}+\dfrac{bc}{2}+\dfrac{ca}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}{4}\) (1)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc\\\left(c+a\right)^2\ge4ca\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2c+\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4abc+\left(a+b\right)^2\\\left(b+c\right)^2a+\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4abc+\left(b+c\right)^2\\\left(c+a\right)^2b+\left(c+a\right)^2\ge4abc+\left(c+a\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)\ge4abc+\left(a+b\right)^2\\\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+1\right)\ge4abc+\left(b+c\right)^2\\\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)\ge4abc+\left(c+a\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)}\le\dfrac{8}{4abc+\left(a+b\right)^2}\\\dfrac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}\le\dfrac{8}{4abc+\left(b+c\right)^2}\\\dfrac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)}\le\dfrac{8}{4abc+\left(c+a\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)}+\dfrac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a^2\right)}{4}\) (3)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{c+1}}=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}\ge\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(a+1\right)}}\\\dfrac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{4}\ge\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(b+1\right)}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)}+\dfrac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a^2\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(c+1\right)}}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(a+1\right)}}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(b+1\right)}}\)(4)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2\left(c+1\right)}\le\dfrac{c+3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(c+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{8}{c+3}\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(a+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{8}{a+3}\\\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(b+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(c+1\right)}}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(a+1\right)}}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2\left(b+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{8}{a+3}+\dfrac{8}{b+3}+\dfrac{8}{c+3}\) (5)
Từ điều (3) , (4) , (5)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2+4abc}+\dfrac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2+4abc}+\dfrac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2+4abc}+a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{8}{a+3}+\dfrac{8}{b+3}+\dfrac{8}{c+3}\) ( đpcm )
đại khái giống Ngọc thôi, sửa 1 số lỗi
\(P=1-2\left(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\right)-2abc\)
\(b=mid\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(ab^2+ca^2\le a^2b+abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(P\le1-2a^2b-2bc^2-4abc=1-2b\left(c+a\right)^2\le1-8\left(\frac{b+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}}{3}\right)^3=\frac{19}{27}\)
ta có ab+bc+ca=(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ca)=(a2b+b2c+c2a)+(ab2+bc2+ca2)+3abc
=> a2+b2+c2=(a+b+c)2-2(ab+bc+ca)=1-2(ab+bc+ca)=1-2[(a2b+b2c+c2a)+(ab2+bc2+ca2)+3abc]
do đó P=2(a2b+b2c+c2a)+1-2[(a2b+b2c+c2a)+(ab2+bc2+ca2)+3abc]+4abc
=1-2(ab2+bc2+ca2)
không mất tính tổng quát giả sử a =<b=<c. suy ra
a(a-b)(b-c) >=0 => (a2-a)(b-c) >=0
=> a2b-a2c-ab2+abc >=0 => ab2+ca2=< a2b+abc
do đó ab2+bc2+ca2+abc=(ab2+ca2)+bc2+abc =< (a2b+abc)+b2c+abc=b(a+c)2
với các số dương x,y,z ta luôn có: \(x+y+z-3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt[3]{x}+\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}\right)\left[\left(\sqrt[3]{x}-\sqrt[3]{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt[3]{y}-\sqrt[3]{z}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt[3]{z}-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
=> \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\Rightarrow xyz\le\left(\frac{x+y+z}{3}\right)^2\)(*)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=y=z
áp dụng bđt (*) ta có:
\(b\left(a+c\right)^2=ab\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\le4\left(\frac{b+\frac{a+c}{2}+\frac{a+c}{2}}{3}\right)^3=4\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3=\frac{4}{27}\)
=> P=1-2(ab2+bc2+ca2+abc) >= 1-2b(a+c)2 >= 1-2.4/27=19/27
vậy minP=19/27 khi x=y=z=1/3
1) ta có: a(b^2 -1)(c^2 -1)+b(a^2 -1)(c^2 -1)+c(a^2-1)(b^2-1)
=(ab^2 -a)(c^2-1)+(ba^2 -b)(c^2-1)+(ca^2-c)(b^2-1)
đén đây nhân bung ra hết rồi rút gọn và thay a+b+c=abc là đc
Đặt A là biểu thức cần CM
ví dụ Từ ĐK a + b + c = 3 => a² + b² + c² ≥ 3 ( Tự chứng minh )
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc x² + y² ≥ 2xy
a^4 + b² ≥ 2a²b (1)
b^4 + c² ≥ 2b²c (2)
c^4 + a² ≥ 2c²a (3)
\(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\\ =\left(ab^2-a\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+\left(a^2b-b\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+\left(a^2c-c\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\\ =ab^2c^2-ab^2-ac^2+a+a^2bc^2-a^2b-bc^2+b+a^2b^2c-a^2c-b^2c+c\\ =abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-\left(a^2b+ab^2+ac^2+bc^2+a^2c+b^2c\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\\ =abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc-\left[\left(a^2b+ab^2+abc\right)+\left(b^2c+bc^2+abc\right)+\left(a^2c+ac^2+abc\right)\right]\\ =abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+abc+3abc-\left[ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\\ =4abc+abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\\ =4abc+abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4abc\)
easy
\(VT\ge\frac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)^2c}+\frac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2c}+\frac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{4}\)
\(=\frac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{8}{\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{8}{\left(c+a\right)^2\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{4}\)
đến đây ghép rồi dùng cô si
bài này trong đề thi của tỉnh nào đó ở nước nào đó ở hành tinh nào đó năm 2016-2017
\(4b.ac+\left(a+c\right)^2\le4b.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(a+c\right)^2=\left(a+c\right)^2\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow T\ge\dfrac{1}{\left(a+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{4}{2\left(2a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)