So sánh
a. A= 1/21 +1/22 +1/23+ ...+ 1 /250 với 1
b,
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Giải:
a) Gọi dãy đó là A, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
\(2A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2013}}\)
\(2A-A=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2013}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}< 1;\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}< 1\) nên \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\) và \(B=\dfrac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(10A=\dfrac{10^{12}-10}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(10A=\dfrac{10^{12}-1+9}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(10A=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{12}-1}\)
Tương tự:
\(B=\dfrac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(10B=\dfrac{10^{11}+10}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(10B=\dfrac{10^{11}+1+9}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(10B=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{11}+1}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{10^{12}-1}< \dfrac{9}{10^{11}+1}\) nên \(10A< 10B\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B\)
Sửa đề: \(S=\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\)
Ta có: \(S=\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{20}+\left(\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+...+\dfrac{1}{30}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{31}+\dfrac{1}{32}+...+\dfrac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S>\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S>\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)(đpcm)
\(S=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{150}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{21}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{41}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{81}+...+\frac{1}{150}\right)\)
\(>\left(\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{80}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{150}+...+\frac{1}{150}\right)\)
\(=\frac{20}{40}+\frac{40}{80}+\frac{70}{150}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{7}{15}>\frac{5}{4}\)
Số số hạng của tổng A là : \(\dfrac{30-21}{1}+1=10\left(sh\right)\)
`=>A=\underbrace{1/21+1/22+...+1/30}_{10sh}>\underbrace{1/30+1/30+1/30+...+1/30}_{10sh}`
`=>A>(1)/(30).10`
`=>A>10/30`
`=>A>1/3`
`=>đpcm`
Có 2A = 1+1/2+1/2^2+...+1/2^49
2A-A =A= (1+1/2+1/2^2+...+1/2^49) - (1/2+1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^50) = 1-1/2^50 < 1
=> A<1