Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a.(x+y)^2-2(x+y)+1
b.x^3+1-x^2-x
c.27x^3 - 0,001
d.125x^3 - 1
e.(x2 + 4)^2 - 16x2^
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\(a,=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\\ b,=\left(x-\sqrt{3}y\right)\left(x+\sqrt{3}y\right)\\ c,=\left[3x-2y-2\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[3x-2y+2\left(x+y\right)\right]\\ =5x\left(x-4y\right)\\ d,=\left[3\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[3\left(x-y\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\right]\\ =\left(3x-3y-2x-2y\right)\left(3x-3y+2x+2y\right)\\ =\left(x-5y\right)\left(5x-y\right)\\ f,=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)\\ g,=\left(3x-0,1\right)\left(9x^2+0,3x+0,01\right)\\ h,=\left(5x-1\right)\left(25x^2+5x+1\right)\)
\(a)x^4-y^4=(x^2-y^2)(x^2+y^2)=(x-y)(x+y)(x^2+y^2)\\ b)x^2-3y^2=\\ c)(3x-2y)^2-4(x+y)^2=(3x-2y)^2-[2(x+y)]^2\\=(3x-2y+2x+2y)(3x-2y-2x-2y)=5x(x-4y)\\ d)9(x-y)^2-4(x+y)^2=[3(x-y)]^2-[2(x+y)]^2=(3x-3y+2x+2y)(3x-3y-2x-2y)\\=(5x-y)(x-5y)\\ f)x^3+27=(x+3)(x^2-3x+9)\\ g)27x^3-0,001=(3x-0,1)(9x+0,3x+0,01)\\ h)125x^3-1=(5x-1)(25x^2+5x+1)\)
Lời giải:
a. Không phân tích được nữa
b. $x^2(x-y)+4(y-x)=x^2(x-y)-4(x-y)=(x-y)(x^2-4)=(x-y)(x-2)(x+2)$
c. $x^3+2x^2y+xy^2-4x=x(x^2+2xy+y^2-4)$
$=x[(x^2+2xy+y^2)-4]=x[(x+y)^2-2^2]=x(x+y-2)(x+y+2)$
a) (x + y)2 - 2(x + y) + 1
= (x + y)2 - 2.1.(x + y) + 1
= (x + y - 1)2
b) x3 + 1 - x2 - x
= (x3 - x2) - (x - 1)
= x2(x - 1) - (x - 1)
= (x2 - 1)(x - 1) = (x - 1)(x + 1)(x - 1) = (x - 1)2(x + 1)
c) 27x3 - 0,001
= \(\left(3x\right)^3-\frac{1}{1000}=\left(3x\right)^3-\left(\frac{1}{10}\right)^3=\left(3x-\frac{1}{10}\right)\left(9x^2+\frac{3}{10}x+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
d) 125x3 - 1 =(5x)3 - 1 = (5x - 1)(25x2 + 5x + 1)
e) (x2 + 4)2 - 16x2
= (x2 + 4)2 - (4x)2
= (x2 - 4x + 4)(x2 + 4x + 4)
= (x - 2)2(x + 2)2
= [(x - 2)(x + 2)]2
a.\(\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-2.\left(x+y\right).1+1^2\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)-1\right]^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)^2\)
b.\(x^3+1-x^2-x\)
\(=\left(x^3-x^2\right)+\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)\)