cho 200g dung dịch BaCl2 5,2% với 58,8 g dung dịch H2SO4 20% . C% dung dịch sau phản ứng
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mBaCl2=10.4(g)
nBaCl2=0.05(mol)
mH2SO4=11.76(g)
nH2SO4=0.12(mol)
BaCl2+H2SO4->BaSO4+2HCl
Theo pthh:nH2SO4=nBaCl2
theo bài ra,nH2SO4>nBaCl2
->H2SO4 dư
nH2SO4 dư=0.12-0.05=0.07(mol)
mH2SO4 dư=0.07*98=6.86(g)
nBaSO4=0.05(mol)
mBaSO4=11.65(g)
nHCl=0.05*2=0.1(mol)
mHCl=3.65(g)
mdd sau phản ứng:200+58.8-11.65=247.15(g)
C%(HCl)=3.65:247.15*100=1.48%
C%(H2SO4)=6.86:247.15*100=2.78%
PTHH: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow2HCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{400\cdot5,2\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot98}{20\%}=49\left(g\right)\\m_{BaSO_4}=0,1\cdot233=23,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{ddBaCl_2}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{BaSO_4}=425,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{425,7}\cdot100\%\approx1,71\%\)
Bạn xem lại giúp mình , coi đề có bị thiếu gì không nhé
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\cdot20\%}{100\%}=3,92\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3,92}{98}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{BaCl_2}}=0,04\cdot208=8,32\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{8,32\cdot100\%}{12\%}\approx69,3\left(g\right)\\ m_{kết.tủa}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,04\cdot233=9,32\left(g\right)\)
\(a.BaCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_3+2AgCl\\b. n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{300.20\%}{170}=\dfrac{6}{17}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{24}{143,5}=\dfrac{48}{287}\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:n_{AgNO_3\left(pư\right)}=n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{48}{287}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow H=\dfrac{\dfrac{48}{287}}{\dfrac{6}{17}}.100=47,39\%\\ c.m_{ddsaupu}=300+200-24=476\left(g\right)\\ n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{24}{287}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AgNO_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{6}{17}-\dfrac{48}{287}=\dfrac{906}{4879}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=4,59\%;C\%_{AgNO_3\left(dư\right)}=6,63\%\)
Tham khảo
a.BaCl2+2AgNO3→Ba(NO3)3+2AgClb.nAgNO3=300.20%170=617(mol)nAgCl=24143,5=48287(mol)Tacó:nAgNO3(pư)=nAgCl=48287(mol)⇒H=48287617.100=47,39%c.mddsaupu=300+200−24=476(g)nBa(NO3)2=12nAgCl=24287(mol)nAgNO3(dư)=617−48287=9064879(mol)⇒C%Ba(NO3)2=4,59%;C%AgNO3(dư)=6,63%
Bài 19 :
\(a) n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : }Al_2(SO_4)_3\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,2.342 = 68,4(gam)\)
Bài 18 :
\(a) n_{HCl} = \dfrac{250.7,3\%}{36,5 } = 0,5(mol)\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,25(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : } ZnCl_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{H_2} = 0,25(mol)\\ m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,25.136 = 34(gam)\)
mddH2SO4 = 100 . 1,137 = 113,7
nH2SO4 = 113,7 . 20%/98 = 0,232 mol
nBaCl2 = 400 . 5,29%/208 = 0,1 mol
H2SO4 + BaCl2 —> BaSO4 + 2HCI
Bđ: 0,232 0,1
Pứ: 0,1 0, 1 0,1 0,2
Sau pứ: 0,132 0
mBaSO4 = 0,1.233 = 23,3 gam
Khối lượng dung dịch sau khi lọc bỏ kết tủa:
mddB = mddH2SO4 + mddBaCl2 - mBaSO4 = 490,4
C%HCI = 0,2.36,5/490,4 = 1,49%
C%H2SO4 dư = 0,132.98/490,4 = 2,64%
Ta có: \(m_{BaCl_2}=200.5,2\%=10,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{10,4}{208}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=58,8.20\%=11,76\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{11,76}{98}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_{4\downarrow}+2HCl\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,12}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ nH2SO4 (dư) = 0,12 - 0,05 = 0,07 (mol)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = m dd BaCl2 + m dd H2SO4 - mBaSO4 = 200 + 58,8 - 0,05.233 = 247,15 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,07.98}{247,15}.100\%\approx2,78\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{247,15}.100\%\approx1,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!