Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=2018. CMR\(\frac{a^4+c^4}{a^3+c^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{a^4+b^4}{b^3+a^3}>=2018\)
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Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:
\(2(a^4+c^4)-(a^3+c^3)(a+c)=2(a^4+c^4)-(a^4+a^3c+ac^3+c^4)\)
\(=a^4+c^4-a^3c-ac^3=(a-c)(a^3-c^3)=(a-c)^2(a^2+ac+c^2)\geq 0\)
với mọi \(a,c>0\)
Do đó: \(2(a^4+c^4)\geq (a^3+c^3)(a+c)\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^4+c^4}{a^3+c^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}
\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}\geq \frac{b+c}{2}\\
\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT thu được:
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}=a+b+c=2018\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{2018}{3}$
\(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\dfrac{a^3\left(a-c\right)+b^3\left(b-c\right)}{a^3+b^3}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{a^3}{c^3+a^3}-\dfrac{b^3}{b^3+c^3}\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\dfrac{c^3\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
Dễ thấy BĐT cuối luôn đúng nên ta có ĐPCM
Dấu "=" <=> \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2018}{3}\)
Bài 2 xét x=0 => A =0
xét x>0 thì \(A=\frac{1}{x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}}\)
để A nguyên thì \(x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\inƯ\left(1\right)\)
=>cho \(x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\)bằng 1 và -1 rồi giải ra =>x=?
1,Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+b+c+2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ac}\)
=> \(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=2\)
\(a+2=a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(b+2=\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(c+2=\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{b+2}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{c+2}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)}+...\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+...=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\)
=> M=0
Vậy M=0
1. Đề thiếu
2. BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta có:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}.3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (đpcm)
3.
Ta có:
\(\left(a^6+b^6+1\right)\left(1+1+1\right)\ge\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+1+b^3+c^3+1+c^3+a^3+1\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Lại có:
\(a^3+b^3+1\ge3ab\) ; \(b^3+c^3+1\ge3bc\) ; \(c^3+a^3+1\ge3ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
4.
Ta có:
\(a^3+1+1\ge3a\) ; \(b^3+1+1\ge3b\) ; \(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
5.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\) ; \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\) ; \(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\le\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
Với \(a,b>0\), ta có:
\(\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3-a+1\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+1\ge a\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge ab+a+1\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}\ge\sqrt{ab+a+1}\).
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\left(1\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=1\).
Chứng minh tương tự (với \(b,c>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=1\).
Chứng minh tương tự (với \(a,c>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+a+1}}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=1\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\left(4\right)\).
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki cho 3 số, ta được:
\(\left(1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\)\(\le\)\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\)\(\left[\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ab+a+1}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{bc+b+1}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ca+c+1}\right)^2}\right]\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\)\(\le3\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{abc}{bc+b+abc}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)(vì \(abc=1\)).
\(=\frac{c}{1+ac+c}+\frac{abc}{b\left(c+1+ac\right)}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)(vì \(abc=1\)).
\(=\frac{c}{1+ac+c}+\frac{ac}{1+ac+c}+\frac{1}{1+ac+c}=1\).
Do đó:
\(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\le3.1=3\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\le\sqrt{3}\left(5\right)\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\)\(\sqrt{3}\)(điều phải chứng minh).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).
Vậy \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\le\sqrt{3}\)với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(abc=1\).
\(+2\)nhé, không phải \(-2\)đâu.
\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}\le\frac{ab}{2ab}=\frac{1}{2}\)
tương tự \(\frac{\Rightarrow ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{ac}{a^2+c^2}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
=>Thắng Nguyễn :cm theo cách đó sai
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+2}+\frac{1}{b^2+c^2+2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2+2}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+b^2+2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2+2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{c^2+a^2+2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz ta có :
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\)
\(\ge\frac{\sqrt{3\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+^2+c^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Ta cần chứng minh :
\(\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
hoang viet nhat copy nhớ ghi nguồn nha bạn:))Link
Mà quan trọng là copy mà bạn có hiểu không là chuyện khác:) Bạn hãy giải thích tại sao:
\(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+^2+c^2}\)
\(Ta có: \frac{{a^5 }}{{b^3 + c^2 }} + \frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }} + \frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }}\mathop \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{{a^5 }}{{b^3 + c^2 }} \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2} - (\frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }} + \frac{{\sqrt {a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{{2\sqrt 2 }})\)
\(Do đó: \frac{{a^5 }}{{b^3 + c^2 }} \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2} - \frac{{\sqrt {2a(b^3 + c^2 )} }}{2}\mathop \ge \frac{{3a^2 }}{2} - \frac{{2a + b^3 + c^2 }}{4}\)
\(CMTT \frac{{b^5 }}{{c^3 + a^2 }}\mathop \ge \frac{{3b^2 }}{2} - \frac{{2b + c^3 + a^2 }}{4}\), \(\frac{{c^5}}{{a^3+b^2}}\mathop \ge \frac{{3c^2 }}{2} - \frac{{2c + a^3 + b^2 }}{4}\)
\(M \ge \frac{{3(a^2 + b^2 + c^2 )}}{2} + a^4 + b^4 + c^4 - \frac{{2(a + b + c) + (a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ) + (a^3 + b^3 + c^3 )}}{4}\)
\(M \ge \frac{9}{2} + a^4 + b^4 + c^4 - \frac{{2(a + b + c) + (a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ) + (a^3 + b^3 + c^3 )}}{4}\)
Áp dụng Bunhiacoopski ta có:
\(\sqrt {(a^4+b^4+c^4 )(a^2+b^2+c^2)}=\sqrt {(a^4 +b^4+ c^4 ).3}\ge a^3+b^3+c^3 \)
\(\sqrt {(a^4 + b^4 + c^4 )(1 + 1 + 1)} = \sqrt {(a^2 + b^2 + c^2 ).3} \ge a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \Leftrightarrow a^4 + b^4 + c^4 \ge 3\)
Ta có: \(3 = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \ge \frac{{(a + b + c)^2 }}{3} \Leftrightarrow a^2 + b^2 + c^2 \ge a + b + c\)
\(Đặt t=x^4+y^4+z^4 (t \ge 3) cần CM để trở thành S \ge \frac{{4t - 9 - \sqrt {3t} }}{4}\ge 0\)
\(Ta có: S\ge \frac{{4t - 9 - \sqrt {3t} }}{4} = \frac{{3(t - 3) + \sqrt t (\sqrt t - \sqrt 3 )}}{4} \ge 0
\)
\(Do đó: M\geq \frac{9}{2}\)
Phần đầu mình thiếu nha
\(\frac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}+\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}-\left(\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\sqrt{a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)\)
Do đó \(\frac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{2a\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}{2}\ge\frac{3a^2}{2}-\frac{\left(2a+b^3+b^2\right)}{4}\)
CMTT \(\frac{b^5}{c^3+a^2}\ge\frac{3b^2}{2}-\frac{\left(2b+c^3+a^2\right)}{4},\frac{c^5}{a^3+b^2}\ge\frac{3c^2}{2}-\frac{\left(2c+a^3+b^2\right)}{4}\)
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\frac{a^3\left(a-c\right)+b^3\left(b-c\right)}{a^3+b^3}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(a-b\right)\left(\frac{a^3}{c^3+a^3}-\frac{b^3}{b^3+c^3}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\frac{c^3\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
BĐT cuối cùng liếc qua cũng biết thừa đúng :) nên ta có ĐPCM
Dấu "=" <=> a=b=c
Ủng hô va` kb với mình nhé ^^
Bài này làm dài lắm