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1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC và BĐT \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\):
\(A=x\sqrt{y+1}+y\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=\left(x\sqrt{y+1}+y\sqrt{x+1}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y+2\right)\)
\(\le\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left[\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+2\right]=\sqrt{2}+2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+2}\le A\le\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow minA=\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Theo giả thiết ta có : \(x+yz=yz-z-1=\left(z-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
Tương tự : \(y+zx=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
Và \(z+xy=\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
Nên \(P=\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{z^2+2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+y^2+x+y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{z^2+2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}\)
Ta có \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2};\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\le\frac{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}{4}\)
nên \(P\ge\frac{2\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{4\left(z^2+2\right)}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}=\frac{2\left(x+y\right)+4}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}+\frac{4\left(z^2+2\right)}{\left(x+y+2\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{z+1}+\frac{4\left(z^2+2\right)}{\left(z+1\right)^2}=f\left(z\right);z>1\)
Lập bảng biến thiên ta được \(f\left(z\right)\ge\frac{13}{4}\) hay min \(P=\frac{13}{4}\) khi \(\begin{cases}z=3\\x=y=1\end{cases}\)
a.
Phương trình hoành độ giao điểm:
\(x^2+6x+3=-2mx-m^2\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\left(m+3\right)x+m^2+3=0\)
\(\Delta'=\left(m+3\right)^2-\left(m^2+3\right)=6\left(m+1\right)>0\Rightarrow m>-1\)
Theo hệ thức Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_A+x_B=-2\left(m+3\right)\\x_Ax_B=m^2+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=10\left(m+3\right)-2\left(m^2+3\right)=-2m^2+10m+24\)
\(P=-2\left(m-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{73}{2}\le\dfrac{73}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{73}{2}\) khi \(m=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
b.
Pt hoành độ giao điểm:
\(x^2-2x-2=x+m\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-m-2=0\)
\(\Delta=9+4\left(m+2\right)>0\Rightarrow m>-\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Theo hệ thức Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_A+x_B=3\\x_Ax_B=-m-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đồng thời \(y_A=x_A+m\) ; \(y_B=x_B+m\)
\(P=OA^2+OB^2=x_A^2+y_A^2+x_B^2+y_B^2\)
\(=x_A^2+x_B^2+\left(x_A+m\right)^2+\left(x_B+m\right)^2\)
\(=2\left(x_A^2+x_B^2\right)+2m\left(x_A+x_B\right)+2m^2\)
\(=2\left(x_A+x_B\right)^2-4x_Ax_B+2m\left(x_A+x_B\right)+2m^2\)
\(=18-4\left(-m-2\right)+6m+2m^2\)
\(=2m^2+10m+26=2\left(m+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{27}{2}\ge\dfrac{27}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(m=-\dfrac{5}{2}\)
2)
A)A=|x-2017|+|x-17|
ta có A= \(\left|x-2017\right|+\left|x-17\right|=\left|x-2017\right|+\left|17-x\right|\)
\(\ge\left|x-2017+17-x\right|=\left|-2000\right|=2000\)
vậy A\(\ge2000\)
=>GTNN của A là 2000 khi x-2017 và x-17 cùng dấu
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2017\ge0\\x-17\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2017\\x\ge17\end{matrix}\right.\)
hoặc
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2017\le0\\x-17\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le2017\\x\le17\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>17\(\le x\le2017\)
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