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\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5g\\
V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{3}{80}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\
LTL:\dfrac{0,0375}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\)
=>Hidro dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Cu}=0,0375.64=2,4\left(g\right)\)
Bài 3 :
a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2 0,2 0,2
b. \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
c. PTHH : CuO + H2 ----to----> Cu + H2O
0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,15.152=22,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,15=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Chất rắn thu được sau pư gồm Cu và CuO dư.
⇒ m chất rắn = mCu + mCuO (dư) = 0,15.64 + 0,15.80 = 21,6 (g)
a) PTHH : \(2Al+6HCl-->2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\) (2)
\(H_2+CuO-t^o->Cu+H_2O\) (3)
b) Ta có : \(m_{CR\left(giảm\right)}=m_{O\left(lay.di\right)}\)
=> \(m_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=32-26,88=5,12\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=\frac{5,12}{16}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh (3) : \(n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=n_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(tổng.n_{H_2}=\frac{0,32}{80}\cdot100=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\) => \(27a+56b=11\left(I\right)\)
Theo pthh (1) và (2) : \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\frac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\left(II\right)\)
Từ (I) và (II) => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}m_{Al}=27\cdot0,2=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{cases}}\)
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,3--------------->0,3--->0,3
=> \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)
b)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,3<--0,3------->0,3
=> mchất rắn = 32 - 0,3.80 + 0,3.64 = 27,2 (g)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,6 0,9 0,3 0,9
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{57}{64}=0,890625\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,890625 0,890625
\(H=\dfrac{0,890625}{0,9}=99\%\)
\(n_K=\dfrac{3.9}{39}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(K+H_2O\rightarrow KOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.1..................0.1......0.05\)
\(m_{KOH}=0.1\cdot56=5.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(1.........1\)
\(0.25.......0.05\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.25}{1}>\dfrac{0.05}{1}\Rightarrow CuOdư\)
\(m_Z=m_{Cu}+m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0.05\cdot64+\left(0.25-0.05\right)\cdot80=19.2\left(g\right)\)
