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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
a)\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{Fe}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
b)\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{12}\cdot100\%=46,67\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-46,67\%=53,33\%\)
c)\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\)
\(2NaOH+FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot90=9\left(g\right)\)
HCl 1 : Vdd(1) = mdd/D => mdd= Vdd. D
=> mHCl = (mdd . C%)/100 => số mol HCl
HCl 2 : số mol HCl 2 = CM. Vdd(2)
=> số mol tổng , Vtổng =Vdd1 + Vdd2
=> CM
bài này bạn xem lại dữ liệu khối lượng riêng nhé
a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
Cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với NaOH, chất rắn không tan là Fe
=> mFe= 1,12 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\Sigma n_{H_2}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,065-0,02=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,03.27=0,81\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=41,97\%,\%m_{Fe}=58,03\%\)
b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) (1)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (2)
b) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Fe là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\)
Gọi số mol của Al là \(b\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}b\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=0,135\\56b+27b=4,14\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,045\\b=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,045\cdot56=2,52\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=1,62\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,52}{4,14}\cdot100\%\approx60,87\%\\\%m_{Al}=39,13\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,045mol\\n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,06mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,0225mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,03mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,0225\cdot160=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,03\cdot102=3,06\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{chấtrắn}=3,06+3,6=6,66\left(g\right)\)
\(2Fe+3Cl2-->2FeCl3\)(1)
\(Cu+Cl2--->CuCl2\)(2)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl2+H2\)(3)
\(n_{FeCl2}=\frac{25,4}{127}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh3
\(n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
Theo pthh1
\(n_{FeCl2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CuCl2}=59,5-25,4=34,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuCl2}=\frac{34,1}{135}=0,253\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuCl2}=0,253\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=0,253.64=16,192\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\frac{7,3.100}{10}=73\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=\frac{73}{1,049}=69,59\left(l\right)\)
Ta có: m dd HCl (1) = 1,047.150 = 157,05 (g)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(1\right)}=157,05.10\%=15,705\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{15,705}{36,5}=0,43\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,25.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_A}=\dfrac{0,43+0,5}{0,15+0,25}=2,325M\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 65x + 56y = 2,7 (1)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Có: \(n_{HCl}=0,04.2,325=0,093\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{Fe}=2x+2y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+2y=0,093\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{375}\left(mol\right)\\y=\dfrac{43}{1200}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{375}.65}{2,7}.100\%\approx25,68\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx74,32\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!