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1. \(\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab\)
\(VP=a^2-2ab+b^2+4ab=a^2+2ab+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
2. \(a^4-b^4=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(VP=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=a^4+a^2b^2-b^2a^2-b^4=a^4-b^4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
3. \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(ax-by\right)^2+\left(bx+ay\right)^2\)
\(VT=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=a^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2\)
\(VP=\left(ax-by\right)^2+\left(bx+ay\right)^2=a^2x^2-2axby+b^2y^2+b^2x^2+2bxay+a^2y^2=a^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
1. 3A = 3^2 + 3^3 + 3^4 + ... + 3^100 + 3^ 101
=> 3A - A = (3^2 + 3^3 + 3^4 + ... + 3^100 + 3^ 101) - (3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + 3^4 + ... + 3^100 )
=> 2A = 3^101 - 3 => 2A + 3 = 3^101 vậy n = 101
2. 2A = 8 + 2 ^ 3 + 2^4 + ... + 2^20 + 2^21
=> 2A - A = (8 + 2 ^ 3 + 2^4 + ... + 2^20 + 2^21) - (4+ 2^2 + 2 ^ 3 + 2^4 + ... + 2^20 )
=> A = 2^21 là một lũy thừa của 2
3.
a) 3A = 3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + 3^4 + ... + 3^100 + 3^ 101
=> 3A - A = (3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + 3^4 + ... + 3^100 + 3^ 101) - (1 + 3 + 3 ^2 + 3 ^ 3 + ... + 3 ^100)
=> 2A = 3^101 - 1 => A = (3^101 - 1)/2
b) 4B = 4 + 4 ^ 2 + 4 ^3 + 4 ^ 4 + ... + 4 ^ 100 + 4^ 101
=> 4B - B = (4 + 4 ^ 2 + 4 ^3 + 4 ^ 4 + ... + 4 ^ 100 + 4^ 101) - (1 + 4 + 4 ^ 2 + 4 ^3 + 4 ^ 4 + ... + 4 ^ 100 )
=> 3B = 4^101 - 1 => B = ( 4^101 - 1)/2
c) Bạn hãy xem lại đề ý c xem quy luật như thế nào nhé.
d) 3D = 3^101 + 3^ 102 + 3^ 103 + ... + 36 150 + 3^ 151
=> 3D - D = (3^101 + 3^ 102 + 3^ 103 + ... + 36 150 + 3^ 151) - (3 ^100 + 3 ^ 101 + 3 ^ 102 + .... + 3 ^ 150)
=> 2D = 3^ 151 - 3^100 => D = ( 3^ 151 - 3^100)/2
1. \(x^4-2x^2+1=\left(x^2-1\right)^2\)
2. \(x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{4}=x^2+2.x.\dfrac{5}{2}+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2=\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\)
3. \(16x^2-8x+1=\left(4x-1\right)^2\)
4. \(x^2+x-y^2+y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
5. \(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-\dfrac{4}{9}y^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{2}{3}y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{2}{3}y\right)\)
6. \(a^2-2ab+b^2-x^2=\left(a-b\right)^2-x^2=\left(a-b-x\right)\left(a-b+x\right)\)
7. \(4x^2-20x+25-y^2=\left(2x-5\right)^2-y^2=\left(2x-5-y\right)\left(2x-5+y\right)\)
1. \(\left(-a\right)^7\) : \(a^5\) = \(\left(-a\right)^2\) = a
2. 28 \(y^4z^3\) : 14 \(y^3z^2\) = 2yz
3. 25\(a^2bc^2\) : 5abc = 5ac
a) 2( x - 1 )2 - 4( 3 + x )2 + 2x( x - 5 )
= 2( x2 - 2x + 1 ) - 4( 9 + 6x + x2 ) + 2x2 - 10x
= 2x2 - 4x + 2 - 36 - 24x - 4x2 + 2x2 - 10x
= ( 2x2 - 4x2 + 2x2 ) + ( -4x - 24x - 10x ) + ( 2 - 36 )
= -38x - 34
b) 2( 2x + 5 )2 - 3( 4x + 1 )( 1 - 4x )
= 2( 4x2 + 20x + 25 ) + 3( 4x + 1 )( 4x - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 3( 16x2 - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 48x2 - 3
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) ( x - 1 )3 - x( x - 3 )2 + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - x3 + 6x2 - 9x
= 3x2 - 6x
d) ( x + 2 )3 - x2( x + 6 )
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= 12x + 8
e) ( x - 2 )( x + 2 ) - ( x + 1 )3 - 2x( x - 1 )2
= x2 - 4 - ( x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 ) - 2x( x2 - 2x + 1 )
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= -3x3 + 2x2 - 5x - 5
f) ( a + b - c )2 - ( b - c )2 - 2a( b - c )
= [ ( a + b ) - c ]2 - ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) - 2ab + 2ac
= [ ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )c + c2 ] - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2 + 2ab + b2 - 2ac - 2bc + c2 - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2
a) \(2\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(3+x\right)^2+2x\left(x-5\right)\)
Dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ nhất + hai :
= \(2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)-4\left(3^2+2\cdot3\cdot x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\left(9+6x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2x^2-4x+2-36-24x-4x^2+2x^2-10x\)
= \(-38x-34\)
b) 2(2x + 5)2 - 3(4x + 1)(1 - 4x)
Dùng đẳng thức thứ 1 + 3
= 2[(2x)2 + 2.2x.5 + 52 ] - (-3)[(4x)2 - 12 ]
= 2(4x2 + 20x + 25) - (-3).(16x2 - 1)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - (3 - 48x2)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - 3 + 48x2
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) (x - 1)3 - x(x - 3)2 + 1
Dùng đẳng thức 2 + 5:
= x3 - 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 - 13 - x(x2 - 2.x.3 + 32) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x3 + 6x2 - 9x + 1
= (x3 - x3) + (-3x2 + 6x2) + (3x - 9x) + (-1 + 1)
= 3x2 - 6x
d) (x + 2)3 - x2(x + 6)
= x3 + 3.x2.2 + 3.x.22 + 23 - x3 - 6x2
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= (x3 - x3) + (6x2 - 6x2) + 12x + 8 = 12x + 8
e) Dùng đẳng thức thứ 3,4 và 2
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 + 13) - 2x(x2 - 2.x.1 + 12)
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1) - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= (x2 - 3x2 + 4x2) + (-4 - 1) + (-x3 - 2x3) + (-3x - 2x)
= 2x2 - 5 - 3x3 - 5x
f) Đặt \(a+b-c=A\)
\(b-c=B\)
= \(A^2-B^2-2AB\)
= \(A^2-2AB+\left(-B\right)^2\)
\(=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
= (A - B)2
= (a + b - c - (b - c))2
= (a + b - c - b + c)2
= a2
Ta có
a3+b3+c3=a3+3ab(a+b)+b3+c3-3ab(a+b)
=(a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b)
=(a+b+c)[(a+b)2-(a+b)c+c2 ]-3ab(a+b+c)+3abc
=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2+2ab-ac-bc-3ab)+3abc
=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca)+3abc
Tớ chỉ phân tích đc như vậy thôi !!!