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14 tháng 3 2020

Bài 1 :

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :

\(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{z}+\frac{z}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{z}\frac{z}{4}}=\left|x-1\right|=1-x\)

\(\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{x}+\frac{x}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{x}\frac{x}{4}}=\left|y-1\right|=1-y\)

\(\frac{\left(z-1\right)^2}{y}+\frac{y}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(z-1\right)^2}{y}\frac{y}{4}}=\left|z-1\right|=1-z\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{z}+\frac{z}{4}+\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{x}+\frac{x}{4}+\frac{\left(z-1\right)^2}{y}+\frac{y}{4}\ge1-x+1-y+1-z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{z}+\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(z-1\right)^2}{y}\ge3-\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{x+y+z}{4}=3-2-\frac{2}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Vậy GTNN của \(A=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)

a) Ta có: \(A=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)-\left(\sqrt{45}-\sqrt{20}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)-\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{4}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)-\sqrt{5}\)

\(=\left|\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right|\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)-\sqrt{5}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)-\sqrt{5}\)(Vì \(\sqrt{5}>\sqrt{3}\))

\(=5-3-\sqrt{5}\)

\(=2-\sqrt{5}\)

b) Ta có: \(B=\left(\frac{\sqrt{21}-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{7}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{5}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}+3\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)}{\sqrt{7}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{\sqrt{5}-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}+\sqrt{6}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}\)

\(=2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}\)

c) Ta có: \(C=2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}+\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}}-\sqrt{\frac{4}{3}}+\sqrt{3}\right):\sqrt{3}\)

\(=2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4-2\cdot2\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}:3}-\sqrt{\frac{4}{3}:3}+\sqrt{3:3}\)

\(=2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}-\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}+\sqrt{1}\)

\(=2\sqrt{3}+\left|2-\sqrt{3}\right|+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3}+1\)

\(=2\sqrt{3}+2-\sqrt{3}+\frac{2}{3}\)(Vì \(2>\sqrt{3}\))

\(=\sqrt{3}+\frac{8}{3}\)

d) Ta có: \(D=\left(\frac{5+\sqrt{5}}{5-\sqrt{5}}+\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{5+\sqrt{5}}\right):\frac{1}{\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}}\)

\(=\left(\frac{\left(5+\sqrt{5}\right)^2+\left(5-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}{\left(5-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(5+\sqrt{5}\right)}\right)\cdot\sqrt{4-2\cdot2\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}\)

\(=\frac{25+10\sqrt{5}+5+25-10\sqrt{5}+5}{25-5}\cdot\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{60}{20}\cdot\left|2-\sqrt{3}\right|\)

\(=3\cdot\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\)(Vì \(2>\sqrt{3}\))

\(=6-3\sqrt{3}\)

29 tháng 7 2016

a, Đặt \(\sqrt[4]{a}=x;\sqrt[4]{b}=y.\)Bất đẳng thức ban đầu trở thành: \(\frac{2x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}\le xy.\)

ta có : \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Rightarrow\frac{2x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}\le\frac{2x^2y^2}{2xy}=xy.\)(đpcm ) 

dấu " = " xẩy ra khi x = y > 0 

vậy bất đăng thức ban đầu đúng. dấu " = " xẩy ra khi a = b >0

1 tháng 8 2020

Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)

Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\)\(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)

Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)

Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)

Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*

\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{​​}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c

P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:

27 tháng 7 2020

1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)

\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)

bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko

26 tháng 3 2017

Bài 1:Với \(ab=1;a+b\ne0\) ta có: 

\(P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3\left(ab\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4\left(ab\right)^2}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5\left(ab\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\)

\(=\frac{a^2+b^2-1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a+b\right)^2+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4\left(a^2+b^2\right)+4}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left[\left(a+b\right)^2\right]^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=1\)

Bài 2: \(2x^2+x+3=3x\sqrt{x+3}\)

Đk:\(x\ge-3\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x\sqrt{x+3}-x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(2x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}=x\\\sqrt{x+3}=2x\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+3=x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\\x+3=4x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\\4x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=1\end{cases}\left(x\ge0\right)}\)

Bài 4:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: 

\(2\sqrt{ab}\le a+b\le1\Rightarrow b\le\frac{1}{4a}\)

Ta có: \(a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-\frac{a}{b}\le a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-4a^2=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{4a}\right)\)

\(=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{8a}+\frac{3}{8a}\right)\le-3\sqrt[3]{3a^2\cdot\frac{3}{8a}\cdot\frac{3}{8a}}=-\frac{9}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

3 tháng 6 2019
https://i.imgur.com/CEPuJ35.jpg
6 tháng 6 2019

a) \(A=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=2a+2b\le2\)

Vậy GTLN của A là 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\\a+b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}}\)

b) Ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4\le\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^4+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^4=2\left(a^2+b^2+6ab\right)\)

Tương tự : \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+c^2+6ac\right)\)

\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(a^2+d^2+6ad\right)\)

\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+c^2+6bc\right)\)

\(\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(b^2+d^2+6bd\right)\)

\(\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)^4\le2\left(c^2+d^2+6cd\right)\)

Cộng các vế lại, ta được :

\(B\le6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2ab+2ac+2ad+2bd+2cd+2bc\right)=6\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow B\le6\)

Vậy GTLN của B là 6 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{d}\\a+b+c+d=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{4}\)