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thử bài bất :D
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
Xét hiệu VT - VP
\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ab+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+ab-bc-a^2}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2+bc-ac-b^2}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2+ac-ab-c^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
Do a,b,c bình đẳng nên giả sử a\(\ge\)b\(\ge\)c, khi đó \(b\left(a-c\right)\)\(\ge\)0, c(b-a)\(\le\)0, a(c-b)\(\le\)0
\(a^3\ge b^3\ge c^3=>abc+a^3\ge abc+b^3\ge abc+c^3\)=>\(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\)
=> VT -VP \(\le\) \(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{ab-ac}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{ac-ab}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}-\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
mà \(\dfrac{1}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\) nên VT-VP <0 đpcm
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}\) (BĐT B.C.S)
\(=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) \(\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abbcca}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (do \(abc=1\)).
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+3b}+\dfrac{1}{c+3}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+3b+c+3}=\dfrac{4}{2b+6}=\dfrac{2}{b+3}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b+3c}+\dfrac{1}{a+3}\ge\dfrac{2}{c+3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a}+\dfrac{1}{b+3}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+3}\)
Cộng vế:
\(\sum\dfrac{1}{a+3b}+\sum\dfrac{1}{a+3}\ge\sum\dfrac{2}{a+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{a+3b}\ge\sum\dfrac{1}{a+3}\) (đpcm)
Lời giải:
Phản chứng. Giả sử tồn tại 3 số dương $a,b,c$ thỏa mãn điều trên
$\Rightarrow a+\frac{1}{b}+b+\frac{1}{c}+c+\frac{1}{a}< 6$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+\frac{1}{a}-2)+(b+\frac{1}{b}-2)+(c+\frac{1}{c}-2)< 0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-1)^2}{a}+\frac{(b-1)^2}{b}+\frac{(c-1)^2}{c}< 0$ (vô lý với mọi $a,b,c>0$)
Do đó điều giả sử là sai.
Tức là không có 3 số dương $a,b,c$ nào thỏa mãn BĐT đã cho.