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a3 + b3 + c3 = ( a + b + c). +( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca) + 3abc
= 0 . (a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca ) + 3abc
= 3abc ( đpcm)
3/ \(x^5+y^5\ge x^4y+xy^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4\left(x-y\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge0\) (đúng)
bài 1
theo bài ra ta có
a + b + c = 0 => c = -[a+b] [ 1 ]
Thay (1) vao a^3+b^3+c^3 ta có:
a^3+b^3+[-(a+b)]^3=3ab[-(a+b)]
<=>a^3+b^3-(a+b)=-3ab(a+b)
<=> a3+ b3- a3 -3a2b- 3ab2- b3= -3a2b- 3ab2
<=> 0= 0
vậy ta có đpcm.
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac>=0\)(vì a+b+c>0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\ge0\)
Vì \(a,b,c>0\Leftrightarrow a+b+c>0\)
Lại có \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
Nhân vế theo vế ta được đpcm
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
a3+b3+c3= (a+b)3-3ab(a+b)+c3
Thay a+b=-c vào, ta được:
a3 + b3 +c3 = (-c)3 -3ab(-c) +c3 = 3abc (đpcm)
Biến đổi vế trái:
a + b + c 3 = a + + c 3 = a + b 3 +3 a + b 2 c+3(a+b) c 2 + c 3
= a 3 + 3 a 2 b + 3a b 2 + b 3 + 3( a 2 + 2ab + b 2 )c + 3a c 2 + 3b c 2 + c 3
= a 3 + 3 a 2 b + 3a b 2 + b 3 + 3 a 2 c + 6abc + 3 b 2 c + 3a c 2 + 3b c 2 + c3
= a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + 3 a 2 b + 3a b 2 + 3 a 2 c + 6abc + 3 b 2 c + 3a c 2 + 3b c 2
= a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + (3 a 2 b + 3a b 2 ) +( 3 a 2 c + 3abc)+ (3abc + 3 b 2 c)+(3a c 2 + 3b c 2 )
= a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + 3ab(a + b) + 3ac(a + b) + 3bc(a + b) + 3 c 2 (a + b)
= a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + 3(a + b)(ab + ac + bc + c 2 )
= a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + 3(a + b)[a(b + c) + c(b + c)]
= a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + 3(a + b)(b + c)(a + c) (đpcm)
1) Áp dụng HĐT mở rộng :
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)(do a + b + c = 0)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
2 )Vì a;b;c là độ dài 3 cạch của 1 tam giác nên \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b>c\\a+c>b\\a+b>c\end{cases}}\)(bđt tam giác)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{c}{a+b}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{c}{a+b}< \frac{2c}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+c}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+c}< \frac{2b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}< \frac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=2\)(đpcm)
3 ) \(x^5+y^5\ge x^4y+xy^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+y^5-x^4y-xy^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)-xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge0\)(luôn đúng với mọi \(x;y\ne0andx+y\ge0\))
Vậy \(x^5+y^5\ge x^4y+xy^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\ \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
a+b+c => a+b= -c
=> (a+b)2 = (-c)2
=> a3+b3+3ab(a+b) = -c2
=> a3+b3+c3 = -3ab(a+b)
=> a2+b2+c2 = -3ab(-c) = 3abc