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\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1 0,15
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: \(0,4>0,15\rightarrow\) CuO dư
Theo pthh: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,15.64}{0,15.64+\left(0,4-0,15\right).80}=32,43\%\\\%m_{CuO}=100\%-32,43\%=67,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a. \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\)
b. \(n_{Al}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
Theo phương trình `(1)` \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
c. \(CuO+H_2\rightarrow^{t^o}Cu+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
Tỷ lệ \(\frac{0,4}{1}>\frac{0,15}{1}\)
`->CuO` dư
Theo phương trình `(2)` \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,15=0,25mol\)
\(m\left(g\right)\text{ chất rắn }\hept{\begin{cases}CuO_{dư}=0,25mol\\Cu=0,15mol\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow m=0,15.64+0,25.80=29,6g\)
\(\%m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,25.80.100}{29,6}\approx67,6\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-67,6\%=32,4\%\)
a) 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H22Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2
b) nAl=5,427=0,2(mol)nAl=5,427=0,2(mol)
Theo phương trình : nH2=32nAl=0,3(mol)nH2=32nAl=0,3(mol)
→VH2(đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)→VH2(đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
c) Chất rắn : 0,2(mol)0,2(mol)
CuO dư : 0,2(mol)Cu0,2(mol)Cu
%CuO=0,2.80(0,2.80+0,2.64).100=55,56%%CuO=0,2.80(0,2.80+0,2.64).100=55,56%
%Cu=44,44%%Cu=44,44%
a)\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 0,1 0,3
b)\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
c)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Cu}=0,3\cdot64=19,2g\)
nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2.......0.6......................0.3
CM HCl = 0.6 / 0.4 = 1.5 (M)
nCuO = 32/80 = 0.4 (mol)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
0.2.......0.2..........0.2
Chất rắn : 0.2 (mol) CuO dư , 0.2 (mol) Cu
%CuO =\(\dfrac{0,2.80}{0,2.80+0,2.64}\) 100% = 55.56%
%Cu = 44.44%
a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo phương trình : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}\left(đktc\right)=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c) Chất rắn : \(0,2\left(mol\right)\)
CuO dư : \(0,2\left(mol\right)Cu\)
\(\%CuO=\dfrac{0,2.80}{\left(0,2.80+0,2.64\right)}.100=55,56\%\)
\(\%Cu=44,44\%\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2---------------------->0,3
=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)
b)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,3<--0,3------->0,3
=> Rắn sau pư gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Cu:0,3\left(mol\right)\\CuO\left(dư\right):0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,3.64}{0,3.64+0,1.80}.100\%=70,59\%\\\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1.80}{0,3.64+0,1.80}.100\%=29,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
nZn = 13/65 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
nCuO = 32/80 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -> (r°) Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,4 > 0,2 => CuO dư
nCuO (p/ư) = nCu = 0,2 (mol)
mCuO (dư) = (0,4 - 0,2) . 80 = 16 (g)
mCu = 0,2 . 64 = 12,8 (g)
%mCuO = 16/(16 + 12,8) = 55,55%
%mCu = 100% - 55,55 = 45,45%
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2.........................0.2.......0.3\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0.2\cdot133.5=26.7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(1..........1\)
\(0.2........0.3\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.2}{1}< \dfrac{0.3}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dư\)
\(n_{Cu}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=0.2\cdot64=12.8\left(g\right)\)
Em xem lại đề vì chất rắn chỉ có Cu không có CuO nhé !
nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2.......0.6......................0.3
CM HCl = 0.6 / 0.4 = 1.5 (M)
nCuO = 32/80 = 0.4 (mol)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
0.2.......0.2..........0.2
Chất rắn : 0.2 (mol) CuO dư , 0.2 (mol) Cu
%CuO = 0.2*80 / ( 0.2*80 + 0.2*64) * 100% = 55.56%
%Cu = 44.44%
a) nAl = 43,2/27 = 1,6 mol
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
1,6 \(\dfrac{1,6\times3}{2}=2,4\)
→ nH2 = 2,4 mol → VH2 = 2,4 x 22, 4 = 53,76 lít
b) nCuO = 64/80 = 0,8 mol
nH2 = 2,4 mol
→ H2 dư, phương trình tính theo số mol của CuO
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8
Chất rắn sau phản ứng có Cu
mCu = 0,8 x 64 = 51,2 gam
\(nAl=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(nHCl=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
2 6 2 3 (mol)
0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3 (mol)
LTL : 0,3 / 2 > 0,6/6
=> Al dư sau pứ , HCl đủ vs pứ
\(mAl_{\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(mAlCl_3=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
1 1 1 1 (mol)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol)
=> \(mCu=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\)
=> Al dư HCl hết
theo pthh : \(n_{Al\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al\left(d\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
theo pthh : \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)
theo pthh : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
pthh: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O+Cu\)
0,3 0,3
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\)
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
1,2------------------0,6 mol
H2+CuO->Cu+H2O
0,4----0,4
m HCl=43,8=>n HCl=\(\dfrac{43,8}{36,5}\)=1,2 mol
=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l
b)n CuO=\(\dfrac{32}{80}\)=0,4 mol
=>H2 dư
=>m=m Cu=0,4.64=25,6g
=>%mCu=100%
cái dấu --- là sao v ạ