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\(a^2+2b^2+ab=\frac{7}{16}\left(a-b\right)^2+\frac{9}{16}\left(a+\frac{5}{3}b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a^2+2b^2+ab}=\sqrt{\frac{7}{16}\left(a-b\right)^2+\frac{9}{16}\left(a+\frac{5}{3}b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{9}{16}\left(a+\frac{5}{3}b\right)^2}=\frac{3}{4}\left(a+\frac{5}{3}b\right)\)
Tương tự \(\sqrt{b^2+2c^2+bc}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(b+\frac{5}{3}c\right),\sqrt{c^2+2a^2+ac}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(c+\frac{5}{3}a\right)\)
Cộng lại vế theo vế ta được:
\(\sqrt{a^2+2b^2+ab}+\sqrt{b^2+2c^2+bc}+\sqrt{c^2+2a^2+ca}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+\frac{5}{3}b+b+\frac{5}{3}c+c+\frac{5}{3}a\right)\)
\(=2\left(a+b+c\right)\).
Dấu \(=\)khi \(a=b=c\ge0\).
Còn cách khác nè :
Đặt \(P=\sqrt{a^2+2b^2+ab}+\sqrt{b^2+2c^2+bc}+\sqrt{c^2+2a^2+ac}\)
Ta chứng minh \(P\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(2P=\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(a^2+2b^2+ab\right)}+\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(b^2+2c^2+bc\right)}+\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(c^2+2a^2+ac\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt bunyakovsky ta được:
\(2P\ge a+2b+\sqrt{ab}+b+2c+\sqrt{bc}+c+2a+\sqrt{ac}\)
\(=3\left(a+b+c\right)+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\ge4\left(a+b+c\right)\left(AM-GM\right)\)
Suy ra \(P\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab+2c^2}}{\sqrt{1+ab-c^2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab+2c^2}}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+ab}}=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)\left(ab+2c^2\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2+2c^2}=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=ab+2c^2\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(VT\ge ab+bc+ca+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2+ab+bc+ca\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+ab}}\)\(=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)\left(ab+c^2+c^2\right)}}\)\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\)\(\ge\dfrac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2c^2}\)\(=\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}\ge ab+2c^2\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{bc+2a^2}{1+bc-a^2}}\ge bc+2a^2\); \(\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+2b^2}{1+ac-b^2}}\ge ac+2b^2\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\ge2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+ab+bc+ac=2+ab+bc+ac\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Lời giải:
$a^2+2b^2+ab=\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{3b^2}{2}+\frac{(a+b)^2}{2}$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$[\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{3b^2}{2}+\frac{(a+b)^2}{2}](2+6+8)\geq (a+3b+2a+2b)^2$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{a^2+2b^2+ab}\geq \frac{3a+5b}{4}$
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các căn còn lại suy ra:
$\text{VT}\geq \frac{3a+5b}{4}+\frac{3b+5c}{4}+\frac{3c+5a}{4}=2(a+b+c)$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
\(VT=\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc+2a^2}{b^2+bc+c^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca+2b^2}{c^2+ca+a^2}}\)
\(=\frac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(ab+2c^2\right)}}+\frac{bc+2a^2}{\sqrt{\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)\left(bc+2a^2\right)}}+\frac{ca+2b^2}{\sqrt{\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)\left(ca+2b^2\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2c^2+2ab}+\frac{2\left(bc+2a^2\right)}{2a^2+b^2+c^2+2bc}+\frac{2\left(ca+2b^2\right)}{a^2+2b^2+c^2+2ca}\)
\(\ge\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{bc+2a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{ca+2b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=ab+bc+ca+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=2+ab+bc+ca=VP\) (Do a2 + b2 + c2 = 1) => ĐPCM.
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.\)
chăc là .............................. điền đi sẽ biếc a you ok ?
Do abc khác 0 nên ta chia cả 2 vế của bđt cho abc. Ta được:
\(\sqrt{\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\right)}\ge1+\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\frac{bc}{a^2}\right)\left(a+\frac{ca}{b^2}\right)\left(1+\frac{ab}{c^2}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3+\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ca}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{a^2}{bc}+\frac{b^2}{ca}+\frac{c^2}{ab}}\ge1+\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\frac{bc}{a^2}\right)\left(1+\frac{ca}{b^2}\right)\left(1+\frac{ab}{c^2}\right)}\)
ĐẶT: \(x=\frac{bc}{a^2};y=\frac{ca}{b^2};z=\frac{ab}{c^2}\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
KHI ĐÓ TA CẦN CHỨNG MINH:
\(\sqrt{3+x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}\ge1+\sqrt[3]{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3+x+y+z+xy+yz+zx}\ge1+\sqrt[3]{2+x+y+z+xy+yz+zx}\)
ĐẶT : \(t=\sqrt[3]{2+x+y+z+xy+yz+zx}\)
ÁP DỤNG BĐT AM-GM TA CÓ:
\(x+y+z+xy+yz+zx\ge6\sqrt[6]{xyz.xy.yz.zx}=6\) (DO xyz=1)
\(\Rightarrow t\ge\sqrt[3]{2+6}=2\)
VẬY BẤT ĐẲNG THỨC ĐÃ CHO TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG VỚI:
\(\sqrt{t^3+1}\ge1+t\Leftrightarrow t^3+1\ge t^2+2t+1\Leftrightarrow t^3-t^2-2t\ge0\Leftrightarrow t\left(t+1\right)\left(t-2\right)\ge0\)
ĐÚNG VỚI : \(t\ge2\)
ĐẲNG THỨC XẢY RA KHI VÀ CHỈ KHI a=b=c
\(\Rightarrow DPCM\)
BĐT cần c/m tương đương:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge2+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{4+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge2+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge2+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge4+3\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
Dễ dàng chứng minh điều này bằng AM-GM:
\(a^3+a^3+1+b^3+b^3+1+c^3+c^3+1+d^3+d^3+1\ge3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+3d^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)+4\ge12\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\ge4\) (1)
Lại có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+d\le4\) (2)
(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow4\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\ge16\ge4+3.4\ge4+3\left(a+b+c+d\right)\) (đpcm)
