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Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\le3\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{abc+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{a\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{1}{3a}\)
\(CMTT\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+b^2\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{3b}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+c^2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{3c}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{1}{3c}\)\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
Ta có : \(a^2+\frac{1}{9}\ge\frac{2}{3}a\)
Suy ra
\(VT\le\Sigma\left(\frac{a}{\left(a^2+1\right)}\right)\le\Sigma\frac{a}{\frac{2}{3}a+\frac{8}{9}}=\Sigma\frac{9a}{6a+8}=\frac{9}{2}-\Sigma\frac{6}{4+3a}\le\frac{9}{2}-\frac{54}{12+3\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{10}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Cách khác nhá.
Lời giải
Ta sẽ c/m:\(\frac{a}{a^2+1}\le\frac{18}{25}a+\frac{3}{50}\)
Thật vậy,ta có: BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{a^2+1}-\frac{18}{25}a-\frac{3}{50}\le0\)
Thật vậy:\(VT=\frac{-\left(4a+3\right)\left(3a-1\right)^2}{50\left(a^2+1\right)}\le0\forall x\)
Vậy \(\frac{a}{a^2+1}\le\frac{18}{25}a+\frac{3}{50}\).Thiết lập hai BĐT còn lại tương tự và cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\frac{18}{25}\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{9}{50}=\frac{9}{10}^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bài này chính bạn đã hỏi 1 lần luôn:
Câu hỏi của Trần Anh Thơ - Toán lớp 8 | Học trực tuyến
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9}{4a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{a^2+4b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+4c^2}\le\frac{9}{2}\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(\frac{9}{4a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{9}{a^2+4b^2+c^2}\le\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2}+\frac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}\) ; \(\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+4c^2}\le\frac{a^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{a^2}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\frac{3}{2}+3=\frac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ko phải số thực dương thì hơi mất thời gian
Ta có: \(\left|x\right|+\left|y\right|\ge x+y\Rightarrow\left|x\right|+\left|y\right|+\left|z\right|\ge x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{a^2+1}+\frac{ca}{b^2+1}+\frac{ab}{c^2+1}\le\frac{\left|bc\right|}{a^2+1}+\frac{\left|ca\right|}{b^2+1}+\frac{\left|ab\right|}{c^2+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(\left|a\right|;\left|b\right|;\left|c\right|\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x;y;z\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{yz}{x^2+1}+\frac{zx}{y^2+1}+\frac{xy}{z^2+1}=\frac{yz}{x^2+y^2+x^2+z^2}+\frac{zx}{x^2+y^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{xy}{x^2+z^2+y^2+z^2}\)
\(VT\le\frac{yz}{2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{zx}{2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{xy}{2\sqrt{\left(x^2+z^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{x^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{z^2}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{x^2}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+z^2}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) hay \(a=b=c=\pm\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}=\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\le\frac{1}{2ab+2b+2}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)
Tương tự CM được:
\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\) và \(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}+\frac{b}{abc+ab+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{b+1+ab}+\frac{b}{1+ab+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot1=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
A=\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\)
ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)=\(\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\)\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\)
vì : a2+b2\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{a^2b^2}\)=2ab
b2+1\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{b^2x1}\)=2b
cmtt => A\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}\)+\(\frac{b}{cba+ab+b}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x (\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\))=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x\(\frac{ab+b+1}{ab+b+1}\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(\sum\)\(\frac{a}{1+a^2}\)\(\le\)\(\sum\)\(\frac{a}{2a}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
\(VT=\frac{a^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{c^2}{ca+bc}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\frac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
sao olm ko hiện \(\sum\) ra nhỉ ? thoi mk ghi lại v
\(\frac{a}{1+a^2}\le\frac{a}{2a}=\frac{1}{2}\)
tương tự 2 cái kia cộng lại t có bđt cần cm
Vì \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab,b^2+1\ge2b\),ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+b^2+1+1}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}\)và \(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}\)
Khi đó\(A\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}+\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu"="trg BĐT trên xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Vậy \(Max_P=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Chắc không được GP đâu !!
Áp dụng bđt cauchy , ta có :
+) \(a^2+2b^2+3=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\ge2ab+2b+2\)
+) \(b^2+2c^2+3\ge2bc+2c+2\)
+) \(c^2+2a^2+3\ge2ac+2a+2\)
Khi đó , ta có :
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2ab+2b+2}+\frac{1}{2bc+2c+2}+\frac{1}{2ac+2a+2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{abc}{bc+c+1}+\frac{abc}{ac+a+1}\right)\)( vì abc= 1 )
\(=\frac{1}{2}=VP\)( đoạn này ban tự phân tích ra nha , mk lmaf hơi tắt )
Vậy .................
\(\frac{3}{2}\le\)\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
Đặt: b + c = x
a + c = y
a + b = z
Ta có: x + y - z = b + c + a + c - a - b = 2c
\(\frac{x+y-z}{2}=c\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{x+z-y}{2}=b\)
\(\frac{z+y-x}{2}=a\)
Khi đó: VP \(\ge\) \(\frac{z+y-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
VP \(\ge\) \(\frac{z+y}{2x}-\frac{x}{2x}+\frac{x+z}{2y}-\frac{y}{2y}+\frac{x+y}{2z}-\frac{z}{2z}\)
VP \(\ge\) \(\frac{z+y}{2x}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{x+z}{2y}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{x+y}{2z}-\frac{1}{2}\)
VP \(\ge\) \(\frac{z+y}{2x}+\frac{x+z}{2y}+\frac{x+y}{2z}-\frac{3}{2}\)
VP \(\ge\) \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{z+y}{x}+\frac{x+z}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\)
VP \(\ge\) \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{z^2}{x\text{z}}+\frac{x^2}{x\text{z}}\ge\frac{2xz}{x\text{z}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2-2xz+z^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\ge2\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\ge2\)
\(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\)VP\(\ge\)\(\frac{1}{2}.6-\frac{3}{2}\)
VP\(\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\frac{3}{2}\le\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với :
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+b^2+2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2+2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{c^2+a^2+2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si dạng Engel,ta có :
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\)
\(\ge\frac{\sqrt{3\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
nguồn : loga
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương: \(\Sigma\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+2}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-\Sigma\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\left(1-\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+2}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+b^2+2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)(*)
Xét vế trái của (*), ta có: \(\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+b^2+2}\ge\frac{\left(\Sigma\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\)(Theo BĐT Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức)
Đến đây, ta cần chỉ ra rằng \(\frac{\left(\Sigma\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+2\left(\Sigma\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+\Sigma\text{}\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\text{}\text{}\Sigma\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+9\)\(\Leftrightarrow\text{}\text{}\Sigma\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\frac{9}{2}\)(**)
Theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz cho 2 bộ số \(\left(a;b\right)\)và \(\left(c;b\right)\), ta có:\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(ac+b^2\right)^2\) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge ac+b^2\)(1)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\ge ab+c^2\)(2); \(\sqrt{\left(c^2+a^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge bc+a^2\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\text{}\text{}\Sigma\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\frac{9}{2}\)(Do đó (**) đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.