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PT: \(2M+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MCl_3\)
\(n_M=\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\), \(n_{MCl_3}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+35,5.3}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=n_{MCl_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+35,5.3}\Rightarrow M_M=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: M là Al.
\(PTHH:2R+xCl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2RCl_x\\ \Rightarrow n_{R}=n_{RCl_x}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{10,8}{M_R}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_R+35,5x}\\ \Rightarrow 42,6M_R=383,4x\\ \Rightarrow M_R=9x\)
Thay \(x=3\Rightarrow M_R=27(g/mol)\)
Vậy R là nhôm (Al)
m axit cần dùng = 0,2 x 2 x 36,5 = 14,6g
m dung dịch HCl = 146g => V dd HCl = 146/1 = 146ml
a, PT: \(4M+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2M_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_M=\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{M_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{2M_M+16.3}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=2n_{M_2O_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=2.\dfrac{20,4}{2M_M+16.3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
→ M là Nhôm (Al)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=33,6\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
d, PT: \(Al_2O_3+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{16}{25\%}=64\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{64}{1,25}=51,2\left(ml\right)\)
