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a) ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ge0\)
\(M=\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
b) \(x=\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\left|1-\sqrt{3}\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\)
\(y=3-\sqrt{8}\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{3-\sqrt{8}}=\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}.1+1^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{2}-1\right|=\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\)
a: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\ge0\\y\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{y}}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{y}}\right)+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{y}+1-\sqrt{y}}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)}:\dfrac{1+\sqrt{y}-1+\sqrt{y}}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-1-\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}\)
a) Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{1-\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\right):\left(1+\dfrac{x+2xy+y}{1-xy}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{1-xy+x+2xy+y}{1-xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y+1\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}{x+xy+y+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y+1\right)}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\)
Đk:\(xy\ne1;x\ge0;y\ge0\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{1-xy+x+y+2xy}{1-xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{1+x+y+xy}{1-xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{x}}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\dfrac{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}{1-xy}\)\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(1+y\right)}{1-xy}.\dfrac{1-xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{1+x}\)
b) Áp dụng AM-GM có:
\(1+x\ge2\sqrt{x}\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{1+x}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=1 (tm)
Vậy \(P_{max}=1\)
Lời giải:
a) ĐK: $x\geq 0; y\geq 0; x\neq y$
\(A=\left[\frac{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\frac{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})(x+\sqrt{xy}+y)}{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})}\right]:\frac{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\frac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right).\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}.\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}=\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
b) \(1-A=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}>0\) với mọi $x\neq y; x,y\geq 0$
$\Rightarrow A< 1$
Bài 2 :
a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x;y>0\\x\ne y\end{cases}}\)
b) \(A=\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{y-\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\right):\frac{x\sqrt{xy}+y\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{xy}\left(y-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{x-\sqrt{xy}+y-\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}:\frac{x+y}{y-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\cdot\frac{y-x}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(y-x\right)}{x+y}\)
c) Thay \(x=4+2\sqrt{3},y=4-2\sqrt{3}\)vào A, ta được :
\(A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\right)\left(4-2\sqrt{3}-4-2\sqrt{3}\right)}{4+2\sqrt{3}+4-2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\right).\left(-4\sqrt{3}\right)}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}+1\right).\left(-4\sqrt{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{-8\sqrt{3}}{8}=-\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy ....
Bài 1:
\(\frac{2\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{48}}-\frac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{27}}{\sqrt{30}-\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2\cdot4}-\sqrt{3\cdot4}}{\sqrt{2\cdot9}-\sqrt{16\cdot3}}-\frac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{9\cdot3}}{\sqrt{30}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{3\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{3}}-\frac{\sqrt{5}+3\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{30}-\sqrt{2}}=\frac{\left(4\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{30}-\sqrt{2}\right)-\left(\sqrt{5}+3\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{30}-\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{60}-8-2\sqrt{90}+2\sqrt{6}-3\sqrt{10}+4\sqrt{15}-9\sqrt{6}+36}{3\sqrt{60}-6-4\sqrt{90}+4\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\frac{8\sqrt{15}-8-6\sqrt{10}+2\sqrt{6}-3\sqrt{10}+4\sqrt{15}-9\sqrt{6}+36}{6\sqrt{15}-6-12\sqrt{10}+4\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\frac{12\sqrt{15}-2\sqrt{10}-7\sqrt{6}+28}{6\sqrt{15}-12\sqrt{10}+4\sqrt{6}-6}\)
Lời giải:
a) ĐK: \(x>0; y> 0\)
\(P=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2+4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\frac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y+4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\frac{\sqrt{xy}(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})\)
\(=\frac{(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})=(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})-(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})=2\sqrt{y}\)
b)
Khi \(y=4-2\sqrt{3}=3+1-2\sqrt{3.1}=(\sqrt{3}-1)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{y}=\sqrt{3}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\sqrt{y}=2(\sqrt{3}-1)\)