Giúp Đi PLS
Giải hệ pt: a)x^3+y^3=2 và x^2+y^2=2
b)x^3+y^3+xy=3 và xy+x+y=3
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a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+6y=10\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\11y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3\cdot\dfrac{9}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{27}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{28}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{14}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{14}{11};y=\dfrac{9}{11}\)
a, Cộng vế theo vế hai phương trình ta được:
\(x^2+y^2+2xy+x+y=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\x+y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(x+y=1\)
\(pt\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow xy+1=-1\Leftrightarrow xy=-2\)
Ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\xy=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\xy=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(x+y=-2\)
\(pt\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow xy-2=-1\Leftrightarrow xy=1\)
Ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-2\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)
b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3-y^3=7\left(x-y\right)\\x^2+y^2=x+y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2+xy-7\right)=0\\x^2+y^2=x+y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+y^2+xy=7\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+y^2=x+y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+y^2=x+y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2-x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy=7\\x^2+y^2=x+y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2-xy=7\\\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy-x-y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(x+y=u;xy=v\)
Hệ trở thành: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u^2-v=7\\u^2-2v-u=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=u^2-7\\u^2-2\left(u^2-7\right)-u=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=u^2-7\\u^2+u-12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=u^2-7\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}u=3\\u=-4\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=2\\u=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=9\\u=-4\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=2\\u=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=2\\x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=9\\u=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=9\\x+y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\left(vn\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2+xy=3\left(x-y\right)\\\left(x-y\right)^2+3xy=7\left(x-y\right)^3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(x-y\right)^2+3xy=9\left(x-y\right)\\\left(x-y\right)^2+3xy=7\left(x-y\right)^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow7\left(x-y\right)^3-9\left(x-y\right)=-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7\left(x-y\right)^3+2\left(x-y\right)^2-9\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(7\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-y=1\\x-y=\dfrac{-9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x\\y=x-1\\y=x+\dfrac{9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(y=x\) thay vaò pt đầu:
\(x^2-x^2+x^2=3\left(x-x\right)\Rightarrow x^2=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(y=x-1\) thay vào pt đầu:
\(x^2-x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2=3\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\Rightarrow y=1\\x=-1\Rightarrow y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH3: \(y=x+\dfrac{9}{7}\):
\(x^2-x\left(x+\dfrac{9}{7}\right)+\left(x+\dfrac{9}{7}\right)^2=\dfrac{-27}{7}\Leftrightarrow x^2+\dfrac{9}{7}x+\dfrac{270}{49}=0\) (vô nghiệm)
Vậy hệ đã cho có 3 cặp nghiệm:
\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;0\right);\left(2;1\right);\left(-1;-2\right)\)
a: \(A=\dfrac{4}{9}x^4y^2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}x^2yz=\dfrac{2}{3}x^6y^3z\)
Hệ số; biến;bậc lần lượt là 2/3; x^6y^3z;10
b: \(B=\dfrac{-2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(-1\right)\cdot xy^2\cdot xy^3\cdot x^2y^2=\dfrac{1}{3}x^4y^7\)
Hệ số;biến;bậc lần lượt là 1/3;x^4y^7;11
c: \(C=\left(-\dfrac{8}{9}x^3y^4\right)^2\cdot x^6y^3=\dfrac{64}{81}x^6y^8\cdot x^6y^3=\dfrac{64}{81}x^{12}y^{11}\)
Hệ số;biến;bậc lần lượt là 64/81; x^12y^11; 23
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)=280\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=70\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(16-2xy\right)\left(16-3xy\right)=70\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\3x^2y^2-40xy+93=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=\dfrac{31}{3}\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=\dfrac{31}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm
Vậy hệ đã cho có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\right\}\)
b, ĐK: \(xy>0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{2x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2y}{x}}=3\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{y}+\dfrac{2y}{x}+4=9\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=5xy\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=y\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\2x^2-x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\2y^2+y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
a, ĐK: \(x,y\ge0\)
\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x}}=3\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay \(x=1\) vào hệ phương trình đã cho ta được \(y=1\)
Vậy pt đã cho có nghiệm \(x=y=1\)
b, \(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x+y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x^2+y^2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=3\\x=y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
a) Ta thấy \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\) và \(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\) nên nếu đặt \(x+y=S,xy=P\) thì ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S^3-3SP=2\\S^2-2P=2\end{matrix}\right.\) . Từ pt (2) suy ra \(P=\dfrac{S^2-2}{2}\). Thay vào (1), ta có \(S^3-3S.\dfrac{S^2-2}{2}=2\) \(\Leftrightarrow-S^3+6S-4=0\) hay \(S^3-6S+4=0\)
Đến đây ta dễ dàng nhẩm ra được \(S=2\). Do đó ta lập sơ đồ Horner:
Nghĩa là từ \(S^3-6S+4=0\) ta sẽ có \(\left(S-2\right)\left(S^2+2S-2\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}S=2\\S=-1\pm\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\).
Nếu \(S=2\) thì \(P=\dfrac{S^2-2}{2}=1\). Ta thấy \(S^2-4P=0\) nên x, y sẽ là nghiệm của pt \(X^2-2X+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(X-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow X=1\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right)\).
Nếu \(S=-1+\sqrt{3}\) thì \(P=\dfrac{S^2-2}{2}=1-\sqrt{3}\). Ta thấy \(S^2-4P>0\) nên x, y là nghiệm của pt \(X^2-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)X+1-\sqrt{3}=0\). \(\Delta=2\sqrt{3}\) nên \(X=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1\pm\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}}{2}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}}{2};\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1-2\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\) và hoán vị của nó.
Nếu \(S=-1-\sqrt{3}\) thì \(P=\dfrac{S^2-2}{2}=1+\sqrt{3}\). Mà \(S^2-4P=-2\sqrt{3}< 0\) nên không tìm được nghiệm (x; y)
Như vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có các cặp nghiệm \(\left(1;1\right);\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}}{2};\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}}{2}\right)\)\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}}{2};\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1+2\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\)
b) Ta thấy \(x^3+y^3+xy=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+xy\) nên nếu đặt \(S=x+y,P=xy\) thì ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S^3-3SP+P=3\\S+P=3\end{matrix}\right.\), suy ra \(P=3-S\)
\(\Rightarrow S^3-3S\left(3-S\right)+3-S=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S^3-10S+3S^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S\left(S^2+3S-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}S=0\\S=2\\S=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(S=0\) thì \(P=3\). Khi đó vì \(S^2-4P< 0\) nên không tìm được nghiệm (x; y)
Nếu \(S=2\) thì suy ra \(P=1\). Ta có \(S^2-4P=0\) nên x, y là nghiệm của pt \(X^2-2X+1=0\Leftrightarrow X=1\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;1\right)\)
Nếu \(S=-5\) thì suy ra \(P=8\). Ta có \(S^2-4P< 0\) nên không thể tìm được nghiệm (x; y).
Như vậy hpt đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left(1;1\right)\)