A = \(\frac{1}{2^2}\)+ \(\frac{1}{3^2}\)+ \(\frac{1}{4^2}\)+...+\(\frac{1}{2001^2}\)+\(\frac{1}{2002^2}\)
Chứng minh rằng A<\(\frac{2001}{2002}\)
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\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-...+\frac{1}{2001}-\frac{1}{2002}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2001}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2002}\right)\)
= \(\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2001}+\frac{1}{2002}\right)\)\(-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2002}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2002}\right)\)\(-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1001}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1002}+\frac{1}{1003}+\frac{1}{1004}+...+\frac{1}{2002}\)
4S=\(\dfrac{4}{2^2}-\dfrac{4}{2^4}+\dfrac{4}{2^6}-...+\dfrac{4}{2^{4n-2}}-\dfrac{4}{2^{4n}}+...+\dfrac{4}{2^{2002}}-\dfrac{4}{2^{2004}}\)
4S=1-\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^4}-,...-\dfrac{1}{2^{2002}}\)
4S+S=1-\(\dfrac{1}{2^{2004}}\)
5S=\(\dfrac{2^{2004}-1}{2^{2004}}\)<1
\(\Rightarrow\)5S<1 hay S<\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)=0,2(đpcm)
1)\(\frac{-8}{5}+\frac{207207}{201201}\)
=\(\frac{-8}{5}+\frac{207}{201}\)
=\(\frac{-8}{5}+\frac{69}{67}\)
=\(\frac{-191}{335}\)
Xét với n là số tự nhiên không nhỏ hơn 1
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng điều trên ta có
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2002\sqrt{2001}+2001\sqrt{2002}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}=1-\frac{1}{45}=\frac{44}{45}\)
ta chứng minh công thức tổng quát sau
\(\frac{1}{\left[n+1\right]\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left[n+1\right]}\left[\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right]}\)
=\(\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left[n+1\right]}\left[n+1-n\right]}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left[n+1\right]}}\)
=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
ta có \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
........
\(\frac{1}{2002\sqrt{2001}+2001\sqrt{2002}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+..+\frac{1}{2002\sqrt{2001}+2001\sqrt{2002}}\)
=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}\)
=\(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}< \frac{44}{45}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.....+\frac{1}{2001^2}+\frac{1}{2002^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+.......+\frac{1}{2000.2001}+\frac{1}{2001.2002}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+.......+\frac{1}{2000}-\frac{1}{2001}+\frac{1}{2001}-\frac{1}{2002}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2002}=\frac{2001}{2002}\left(đpcm\right)\)