tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức
a) 2x-2xy-2x2-y2
tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức
a) (x-1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+6)
b) 5x2+y2-6x+5y+1
c) x2-2x+y-4y+6
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Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) Ta có: \(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x(x+5)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) Ta có: \(x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y+3\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(A_{min}=10\) khi \(2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
\(B_{min}=-36\) khi \(x^2+5x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(C_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
\(A=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4=\left(x-2\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(minA=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(B=\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+2=\left(2x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(minB=2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(C=3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-8=3\left(x+1\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
\(minC=-8\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4=-\left(x-1\right)^2-4\le-4\)
\(maxD=-4\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(E=-\left(4x^2-6x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{11}{4}=-\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{11}{4}\le-\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(maxA=-\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(F=-2\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)-\dfrac{55}{8}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{55}{8}\le-\dfrac{55}{8}\)
\(maxF=-\dfrac{55}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(G=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2+y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(maxG=\dfrac{3}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(H=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+16=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2+16\le16\)
\(maxH=16\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+y^2-8y+16-17\\ A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-16\ge17\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=17\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) -( x-y)2 - (x-1)2 -2
GTLN = -2