Cho B = 3+32+33+34+ ... + 3120. Chứng minh rằng:
a) B chia hết cho 3
b) B chia hết cho 4
c) B chia hết cho 13
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a: \(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{120}\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2+...+3^{119}\right)⋮3\)
b: \(B=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2020}\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{2019}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4\cdot\left(3+...+3^{2019}\right)⋮4\)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{120}\)
Dễ thấy \(B\)chia hết cho \(3\)do là tổng của các số hạng chia hết cho \(3\).
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{120}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{119}+3^{120}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{119}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{119}\right)⋮4\)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{120}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{118}+3^{119}+3^{120}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{118}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=13\left(3+...+3^{118}\right)⋮13\)
a) \(B\)là tổng các số hạng chia hết cho \(3\)nên chia hết cho \(3\).
b) \(B=3+3^2+...+3^{120}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{119}+3^{120}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{119}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{119}\right)⋮4\)
c) \(B=3+3^2+...+3^{120}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{118}+3^{119}+3^{120}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{118}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=13\left(3+3^4+...+3^{118}\right)⋮13\)
a) B\(=\) 3 + 32 + 33 + ... + 360
\(=\)(3+32)+(33+34)+...+(359+360)
\(=\)3(1+3)+33(1+3)+...+359(1+3)
\(=\)(3+1)(3+33+...+359)
\(=\)4(3+33+...+359)⋮4
⇒B⋮4
b) B\(=\)(3+32+33)+...+(358+359+360)
\(=\)30(3+32+33)+...+357(358+359+360)
\(=\)3+32+33(30+33+36+...+357)
\(=\)39(30+33+36+...+357)⋮13
⇒ B⋮13
Bài 1:
\(a,A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{2009}+2^{2010}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2\right)\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2009}\right)=3\left(2+...+2^{2009}\right)⋮3\\ A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{2008}+2^{2009}+2^{2010}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)=7\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)⋮7\)
\(b,\left(\text{sửa lại đề}\right)B=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\\ B=\left(1+3\right)\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)⋮4\\ B=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\\ B=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{2008}\right)=13\left(3+...+3^{2008}\right)⋮13\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+...+2^{2012}\\ \Rightarrow2A-A=2+2^2+...+2^{2012}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2011}\\ \Rightarrow A=2^{2012}-1>2^{2011}-1=B\\ b,A=\left(2020-1\right)\left(2020+1\right)=2020^2-2020+2020-1=2020^2-1< B\)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{120}\)
a, Ta thấy : Cách số hạng của B đều chi hết cho 3
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{120}⋮3\)
\(b,B=3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{120}\)
\(B=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+....+\left(3^{119}+3^{120}\right)\)
\(B=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{119}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(B=3.4+3^3.4+...+3^{119}.4\)
\(B=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{199}\right)\)
Có : \(B=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{199}\right)⋮4\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮4\)
\(c,B=3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{120}\)
\(B=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{119}+3^{120}\right)\)
\(B=\left(3+3^2\right)+3^2\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{118}\left(3+3^2\right)\)
\(B=13+3^2.13+...+3^{118}.13\)
\(B=13\left(3^2+3^4+...+3^{118}\right)\)
Có : \(B=13\left(3^2+3^4+...+3^{118}\right)⋮13\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮13\)