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Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}=\frac{b}{a-c}+\frac{c}{b-a}=\frac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(\frac{\Leftrightarrow a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\frac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(1\right)\) Nhân hai vế với \(\frac{1}{b-c}\)
Tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{c^2-bc+ba-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(2\right);\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{a^2-ac+bc-b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng (1),(2),(3) ta được đpcm
\(P=\frac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{c^2}{\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{-b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{-c^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(-a^2\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{\left(-b^2\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{\left(-c^2\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-a^2b+ca^2-b^2c+ab^2-c^2a+bc^2}{-a^2b-c^2a+ca^2-b^2c+ab^2+bc^2}=1\)
Vậy \(P=1.\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{abc}+\frac{bc}{abc}+\frac{ac}{abc}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{-1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{-1}{c}\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{3}{ab}.\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}-\frac{3}{ab}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=a^2+b^2+c^2\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{b}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^3=3.\frac{1}{a}.\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a+b+c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b+c-c}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{ca+cb+c^2+ab}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b\left(a+c\right)+c\left(a+c\right)\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0\Rightarrow a=-b\Rightarrow a^{2009}=-b^{2009}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^{2009}}+\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{c^{2009}}\) (1)
\(\frac{1}{a^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{c^{2009}}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^{2009}}+\frac{1}{b^{2009}}+\frac{1}{c^{2009}}=\frac{1}{a^{2009}+b^{2009}+c^{2009}}\) (đpcm)
Đề sửa lại là: Chứng minh \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}\) nhé.
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{\left(b+c\right)+\left(a+c\right)+\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2.\left(a+b+c\right)}.\)
Xét 2 trường hợp:
TH1: \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c=-a\\a+c=-b\\a+b=-c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có: \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{-a}{a}+\frac{-b}{b}+\frac{-c}{c}=\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-3\), không phụ thuộc vào các giá trị \(a;b;c\) (1)
TH2: \(a+b+c\ne0\) thì \(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2.\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=b+c\\2b=a+c\\2c=a+b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có: \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{2a}{a}+\frac{2b}{b}+\frac{2c}{c}=2+2+2=6\), không phụ thuộc vào các giá trị \(a;b;c\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}\) không phụ thuộc vào các giá trị của \(a;b;c.\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Ngan Vu Thi