\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+z^3}}{xz}\)với x,y,z>0 tm xyz=1
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\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xy}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{yz}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xz}}\)
=>\(VT>=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+xz=xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+xy+yz+xz=x^2+xyz=x(x+yz)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+yz=\frac{x^2+xy+yz+xz}{x}=\frac{(x+y)(x+z)}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{x+yz}=\sqrt{\frac{(x+y)(x+z)}{x}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:\((x+y)(x+z)\geq (x+\sqrt{yz})^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{x+yz}=\sqrt{\frac{(x+y)(x+z)}{x}}\geq \frac{x+\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{x}}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\sqrt{y+xz}\geq \frac{y+\sqrt{xz}}{\sqrt{y}}\); \(\sqrt{z+xy}\geq \frac{z+\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{z}}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT đã thu được ta có:
\(\text{VT}\geq \frac{x+\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{y+\sqrt{xz}}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{z+\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{z}}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}+\frac{xy+yz+xz}{\sqrt{xyz}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}+\frac{xyz}{\sqrt{xyz}}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{xyz}=\text{VP}\)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=3\)
Gọi \(A=\sum\dfrac{x^3}{\sqrt{y^2+3}}\)
Theo Holder: \(A.A.\left(\left(y^2+3\right)+\left(z^2+3\right)+\left(x^2+3\right)\right)\ge\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{x^2+y^2+z^2+9}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+xy+yz+zx}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^3}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
Ta có đánh giá sau: \(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{9}}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{12}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}{12}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3+y^3+1}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y^3+z^3+1}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z^3+x^3+1}}{zx}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3+y^3+1}}{xy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3+y^3+xyz}}{xy}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{xy\left(x+y\right)+xyz}}{xy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy\left(x+y+z\right)}}{xy}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{xy.3^3\sqrt{xyz}}}{xy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{y^3+z^3+1}}{yz}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{yz}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{z^3+x^3+1}}{zx}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{zx}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy.yz.xz}}}=3\sqrt{3}.\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{xyz}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{y}+1}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{zx}+3\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xyz}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{y}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xyz}\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xyz}\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{xyz}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+1+\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{y}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{1+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{y}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{yz}}{1+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{yz}}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{10P-1}=\sqrt{10.1-1}=\sqrt{9}=3\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{y^3z^3}}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{z^3x^3}}}{zx}\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy.yz.zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức sau \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0.\)
Do đó:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{xyz+xy\left(x+y\right)}}{xy}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+z}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1.$
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}}}{xy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
Tương tự \(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{yz}};\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+z^3}}{xz}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{xz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
1. 1/x + 2/1-x = (1/x - 1) + (2/1-x - 2) + 3
= 1-x/x + (2-2(1-x))/1-x + 3
= 1-x/x + 2x/1-x + 3 >= 2√2 + 3
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x =√2 - 1
2. a = √z-1, b = √x-2, c = √y-3 (a,b,c >=0)
=> P = √z-1 / z + √x-2 / x + √y-3 / y
= a/a^2+1 + b/b^2+2 + c/c^2+3
a^2+1 >= 2a => a/a^2+1 <= 1/2
b^2+2 >= 2√2 b => b/b^2+2 <= 1/2√2
c^2+3 >= 2√3 c => c/c^2+3 <= 1/2√3
=> P <= 1/2 + 1/2√2 + 1/2√3
Dấu = xảy ra khi a^2 = 1, b^2 = 2, c^2 =3
<=> z-1 = 1, x-2 = 2, y-3 = 3
<=> x=4, y=6, z=2