Xin chào các bạn hôm nay mình sẽ tổ chức cuộc thi toán vui , mong các bạn giúp đỡ ạ.
Bài 1 :
CMR : 87 - 218 chia hết cho 14
Bài 2:
Cho ab=c2 . CMR : \(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\frac{a}{b}\)
Giải thưởng :
Nhất 9
Nhì 5
Ba 3
Khuyến khích 1
Học giỏi nha
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a) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2.k^2+b^2}{d^2.k^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2.\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2.\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2), ta có: \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
b) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\frac{\left[b.\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d.\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2), ta có: \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
a) Từ \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
mà \(\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{a}{c}=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
b) Từ \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
mà \(\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{a}{c}=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
1)
a) \(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2\left(ab^2c+a^2bc+abc^2\right)\)\(=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)(vì a+b+c=0)
b) \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=4\left[a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\left(theoa\right)\)
\(\left(2+7\right)\left(2a^2+\dfrac{7}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(2a+\dfrac{7}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2a^2+\dfrac{7}{b^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2a+\dfrac{7}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{2b^2+\dfrac{7}{c^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2a+\dfrac{7}{c}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2c^2+\dfrac{7}{a^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2c+\dfrac{7}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2a+2b+2c+\dfrac{7}{a}+\dfrac{7}{b}+\dfrac{7}{c}\right)=2+\dfrac{7}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(VT\ge2+\dfrac{7}{9}.\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) (do \(a+b+c=3\))
\(VT\ge2+\dfrac{7}{9}.\left(\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}}+\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{b}}+\sqrt{c}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{c}}\right)^2=9\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
1. Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel :
\(P=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{a+b+c}=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{3}{2}+6=\frac{15}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1/2
2. Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM :
\(P=\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{4a\cdot\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{4b\cdot\frac{1}{b}}+2\sqrt{4c\cdot\frac{1}{c}}-3\cdot\frac{3}{2}=4\cdot3-\frac{9}{2}=\frac{15}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1/2
Bài 1:
ta có: 87 - 218 = (23)7 - 218 = 221 - 218
= 217.(24 -2) = 217.14 chia hết cho 14
=> đpcm
Bài 1
87-218=221-218=218.7\(⋮\)14
Bài 2
ab=c2<=>\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)