Vơi a, b, c là các số thực dương. CMR:
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b^2+ab}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{c^2+bc}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{a^2+ca}}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
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Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
BĐT trở thành: \(\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}+\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{x^2+z^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x^2+z^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xy}{x+z}+\dfrac{xy}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{yz}{x+z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{z^2+x^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx}{x+y}+\dfrac{zx}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx+yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{xy+zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{yz+xy}{z+x}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\) hay \(a=b=c\)
\(\sum\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{ab+b^2}}=\sum\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2b\left(a+b\right)}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}a}{2b+a+b}=2\sqrt{2}\sum\dfrac{a}{a+3b}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}\sum\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của bđt AM-GM:
$(a+b+c)^2\leq 3(a^2+b^2+c^2)\leq 9$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c\leq 3$ (đpcm)
Từ đây ta có:
\(E\leq \frac{a}{\sqrt[3]{(a+b+c)a+bc}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt[3]{(a+b+c)b+ac}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt[3]{c(a+b+c)+ab}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt[3]{(a+b)(a+c)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt[3]{(b+c)(b+a)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt[3]{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
\(\leq \frac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}(\frac{a}{2}+\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c})+\frac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c})+\frac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}(\frac{c}{2}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b})\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2}(a+b+c)}{6}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a})\leq \frac{3\sqrt[3]{2}}{2}\)
Vậy.................
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
Cộng theo vế và thu gọn:
$\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\Leftrightarrow 3\geq \frac{3(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}$
$\Rightarrow (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3$
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
$a^3+a^3+a^3+a^3+b^3+c^3\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^{12}b^3c^3}=6a^2\sqrt{bc}$
$b^3+b^3+b^3+b^3+a^3+c^3\geq 6b^2\sqrt{ac}$
$c^3+c^3+c^3+c^3+a^3+b^3\geq 6c^2\sqrt{ab}$
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn thu được:
$a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2\sqrt{bc}+b^2\sqrt{ac}+c^2\sqrt{ab}$
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
-Mình thử trình bày cách làm của mình nhé, bạn xem thử có gì sai sót không hoặc chỗ nào bạn không hiểu thì hỏi mình nhé.
-Thôi, mình chịu rồi. Mình dùng tất cả các BĐT như Caushy, Schwarz, Caushy 3 số... nhưng không ra.
\(3\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt[3]{3a+bc}}\le\dfrac{a}{\sqrt[3]{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}=\sqrt[3]{2}.\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{a+b}.\dfrac{a}{a+c}.\dfrac{a}{2}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{2}\right)\)
Cộng vế và rút gọn:
\(E\le\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)\)
\(E\le\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{2}}{3}\left(3+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{2}}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi:
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b^2+ab}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+ab\right)}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2b\left(a+b\right)}}\ge\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\dfrac{2b+a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}a}{a+3b}\)
Cmtt: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{c^2+bc}}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}b}{b+3c};\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{a^2+ca}}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}c}{c+3a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+3b}+\dfrac{b}{b+3c}+\dfrac{c}{c+3a}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{a+3b}+\dfrac{b}{b+3c}+\dfrac{c}{c+3a}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
từ dòng thứ 4 lm sao suy ra dòng thứ 5 thế ạ