Cho 3 số a, b, c thỏa mãn điều kiện \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\frac{a^2}{1+2bc}+\frac{b^2}{1+2ca}+\frac{c^2}{1+2ab}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
(a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2
=>2(ab+bc+ac)=0
=>ab+bc+ac=0
=> bc=-ab-ac
=>\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\frac{a^2}{a^2-ac-ab+bc}\)=\(\frac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
Tuong tu => \(\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ac}=....\)
\(\frac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=...\)
=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+....\)=\(\frac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)+...
=\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
=1
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
Ta lại có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{a^2-ab+bc-ca}+\frac{b^2}{b^2-ab-bc+ca}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+ab-bc-ca}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)}+\frac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=-\left(\frac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right)\)
\(=-\left(\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=1\)
Ai có thể giải thích cho mình đoạn a^2/(a^2-ab+bc-ca) đc ko mình cảm ơn
Cách : AM - GM :
\(VT=3-\left(\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM :
\(\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}=\frac{2ab^2}{ab^2+ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{bc^2+bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{ca^2+ca^2+1}\)
\(\le\frac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}+\frac{2bc^2}{3\sqrt[3]{b^2c^4}}+\frac{2ca^2}{3\sqrt[3]{c^aa^4}}=\frac{2}{3}\left(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}+\sqrt[3]{bc^2}+\sqrt[3]{ca^2}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{a+b+b}{3}+\frac{b+c+c}{3}+\frac{c+a+a}{3}\right)=\frac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow VT\ge3-2=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) với x, y > 0
Thật vậy : \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)( bđt Cô - si )
Và \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\) ( bđt Cô - si )
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) ( Dấu " = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) )
Ta có :
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(2a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\frac{1}{2a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
( Dấu " = " xay ra khi a=b)
Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\frac{1}{2b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\) ( Dấu " = " xảy ra khi b=c)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\le\frac{1}{2c+a}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\) ( Dấu " = " xay ra khi c = a )
\(VT=\sum_{cyc}\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{4a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{4a^2+2ab+b^2+2ab}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
( a + b + c ) ^2 = a^2+b^2+c^2 + 2(ab+ac+bc)
=> ab = -ac-bc
bc= -ab-ac
ac= -ab-bc
a^2 + 2bc = a^2 + 2bc - ( ab + ac + ac)
= a^2 + bc - ab - ac
= ( a-c) ( a-b)
b^2 + 2ca = ( c-b) ( a-b)
c^2 + 2ab = (b-c) (a-c)
A= a^2/ ( a-c) (a-b) + b^2/ ( c-b) (a-b) + c^2/ ( b-c)(a-c)
rồi quy đồng là xong
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-SChwarz ta có:
\(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2+2a^2bc}+\frac{b^4}{b^2+2ab^2c}+\frac{c^4}{c^2+2abc^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\cdot\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\cdot\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\ge\frac{1^2}{1+2\cdot\frac{1^2}{3}}=\frac{3}{5}=VP\)
Dấu "=" bạn tự nghiên cứu nhé :D
DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) CÁI NÀY LÀ ĐIỂM RƠI NHÉ.