Chứng minh rằng với mọi số tự nhiên n:
\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{25}...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}< \dfrac{9}{20}\)
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Những câu hỏi liên quan
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
25 tháng 3 2023
\(1-\dfrac{3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)-3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1.5}{2.4}.\dfrac{2.6}{3.5}.\dfrac{3.7}{4.6}...\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1.2.3...\left(n-1\right)}{2.3.4...n}.\dfrac{5.6.7...\left(n+3\right)}{4.5.6...\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{n}.\dfrac{n+3}{4}=\dfrac{n+3}{4n}=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4n}>\dfrac{1}{4}\) (đpcm)
BN
26 tháng 2 2018
Chứng minh 1 bất đẳng thức cơ bản sau:\(\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}\)
Thật vậy: \(\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{n^2+n^2+2n+1}=\dfrac{1}{2n^2+2n+1}< \dfrac{1}{2n^2+2n}=\dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}\)
Thay vào bài toán \(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{25}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{1^2+\left(1+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2+\left(2+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2+\left(3+1\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(< \dfrac{1}{2.1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2\left(n+1\right)}< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
IL
2 tháng 7 2018
\(\dfrac{1}{2.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.11}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{2.5}+\dfrac{3}{5.8}+\dfrac{3}{8.11}+...+\dfrac{3}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{3n-1}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3n+2}{6n+4}-\dfrac{2}{6n+4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{3n}{6n+4}\)
\(=\dfrac{n}{6n+4}\) ( đpcm )
Vậy...
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
30 tháng 6 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Do đó:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(VT=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}< 1\) (đpcm)
NA
Ngoc Anh Thai
Giáo viên
28 tháng 3 2021
a) Vế trái \(=\dfrac{1.3.5...39}{21.22.23...40}=\dfrac{1.3.5.7...21.23...39}{21.22.23....40}=\dfrac{1.3.5.7...19}{22.24.26...40}\)
\(=\dfrac{1.3.5.7....19}{2.11.2.12.2.13.2.14.2.15.2.16.2.17.2.18.2.19.2.20}\\ =\dfrac{1.3.5.7.9.....19}{\left(1.3.5.7.9...19\right).2^{20}}=\dfrac{1}{2^{20}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Vế trái
\(=\dfrac{1.3.5...\left(2n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right).\left(n+3\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1.2.3.4.5.6...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{2.4.6...2n.\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1.2.3.4...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{2^n.1.2.3.4...n.\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2^n}.\\ \left(đpcm\right)\)
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
7 tháng 1 2019
Lời giải:
Xét số hạng tổng quát:
\(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}<\frac{(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}).2\sqrt{n+1}}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}\)
Hay \(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}< \frac{2\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n(n+1)}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán:
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}< \frac{2}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{4}}+....+\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}}=2-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}}< 2\)
Ta có đpcm.
\(a^2+\left(a+1\right)^2=a^2+a^2+2a+1\\ =2a^2+2a+1>2a\left(a+1\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+\left(a+1\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{2a\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{25}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^{^2}}\\ =\dfrac{1}{1^2+2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2+3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2+4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+\left(n+1\right)^2}\\ < \dfrac{1}{2.1.\left(1+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2.2\left(2+1\right)}+....+\dfrac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\\ =\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{1}{2n+2}< \dfrac{5}{12}< \dfrac{9}{20}\)